Chapter 12.8, Problem 33LO

Summary Introduction

To explain: The refractory period and the difference between the absolute refractory period and relative refractory period that are associated with transmitting an action potential.

Concept introduction: The unequal distribution of positive and negative charges across the cell membrane results in membrane potential of a cell. When the membrane potential of an axon in a specific location rises and falls, it causes a series of electrical response or action potential. Action potential helps in the communication between cells. Action potential always propagates at the same amplitude through the whole length of an axon. But, the frequency of an action potential can change, and the frequency is dependent on the strength of the stimulus.