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The hyperbolic cosine and hyperbolic sine functions are defined by
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- Q.1) Classify the following statements as a true or false statements: Q a. A simple ring R is simple as a right R-module. b. Every ideal of ZZ is small ideal. very den to is lovaginz c. A nontrivial direct summand of a module cannot be large or small submodule. d. The sum of a finite family of small submodules of a module M is small in M. e. The direct product of a finite family of projective modules is projective f. The sum of a finite family of large submodules of a module M is large in M. g. Zz contains no minimal submodules. h. Qz has no minimal and no maximal submodules. i. Every divisible Z-module is injective. j. Every projective module is a free module. a homomorp cements Q.4) Give an example and explain your claim in each case: a) A module M which has a largest proper submodule, is directly indecomposable. b) A free subset of a module. c) A finite free module. d) A module contains no a direct summand. e) A short split exact sequence of modules.arrow_forwardListen ANALYZING RELATIONSHIPS Describe the x-values for which (a) f is increasing or decreasing, (b) f(x) > 0 and (c) f(x) <0. y Af -2 1 2 4x a. The function is increasing when and decreasing whenarrow_forwardBy forming the augmented matrix corresponding to this system of equations and usingGaussian elimination, find the values of t and u that imply the system:(i) is inconsistent.(ii) has infinitely many solutions.(iii) has a unique solutiona=2 b=1arrow_forwardif a=2 and b=1 1) Calculate 49(B-1)2+7B−1AT+7ATB−1+(AT)2 2)Find a matrix C such that (B − 2C)-1=A 3) Find a non-diagonal matrix E ̸= B such that det(AB) = det(AE)arrow_forwardWrite the equation line shown on the graph in slope, intercept form.arrow_forward1.2.15. (!) Let W be a closed walk of length at least 1 that does not contain a cycle. Prove that some edge of W repeats immediately (once in each direction).arrow_forward1.2.18. (!) Let G be the graph whose vertex set is the set of k-tuples with elements in (0, 1), with x adjacent to y if x and y differ in exactly two positions. Determine the number of components of G.arrow_forward1.2.17. (!) Let G,, be the graph whose vertices are the permutations of (1,..., n}, with two permutations a₁, ..., a,, and b₁, ..., b, adjacent if they differ by interchanging a pair of adjacent entries (G3 shown below). Prove that G,, is connected. 132 123 213 312 321 231arrow_forward1.2.19. Let and s be natural numbers. Let G be the simple graph with vertex set Vo... V„−1 such that v; ↔ v; if and only if |ji| Є (r,s). Prove that S has exactly k components, where k is the greatest common divisor of {n, r,s}.arrow_forward1.2.20. (!) Let u be a cut-vertex of a simple graph G. Prove that G - v is connected. עarrow_forward1.2.12. (-) Convert the proof at 1.2.32 to an procedure for finding an Eulerian circuit in a connected even graph.arrow_forward1.2.16. Let e be an edge appearing an odd number of times in a closed walk W. Prove that W contains the edges of a cycle through c.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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