To determine: The difference between the ventricular muscle cells and SA node based on their action potentials.
Introduction: Action potential refers to a massive change in membrane voltage that has a constant magnitude and can spread to adjacent areas of the membrane.
To determine: The mechanism responsible for pacemaker potential and also estimate its inherent rate.
Introduction: Pacemaker potential is a slow depolarization manifested by the SA node cells. It helps in bringing the membrane potential to the threshold. Threshold refers to the point at which the action potential takes place.
To determine: The mechanism that helps the SA node to function as the heart’s pacemaker.
Introduction: The SA node is defined as the natural pacemaker. The pacemaker plays an important role in controlling the heart rate by deciding the time of atrial contraction and ventricular contraction.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
VANDER'S HUMAN PHY W/ CONNECT & PROCT +
- a couple in which the father has the a blood type and the mother has the o blood type produce an offspring with the o blood type, how does this happen? how could two functionally O parents produce an offspring that has the a blood type?arrow_forwardWhat is the opening indicated by the pointer? (leaf x.s.) stomate guard cell lenticel intercellular space none of thesearrow_forwardIdentify the indicated tissue? (stem x.s.) parenchyma collenchyma sclerenchyma ○ xylem ○ phloem none of thesearrow_forward
- Where did this structure originate from? (Salix branch root) epidermis cortex endodermis pericycle vascular cylinderarrow_forwardIdentify the indicated tissue. (Tilia stem x.s.) parenchyma collenchyma sclerenchyma xylem phloem none of thesearrow_forwardIdentify the indicated structure. (Cucurbita stem l.s.) pit lenticel stomate tendril none of thesearrow_forward
- Identify the specific cell? (Zebrina leaf peel) vessel element sieve element companion cell tracheid guard cell subsidiary cell none of thesearrow_forwardWhat type of cells flank the opening on either side? (leaf x.s.) vessel elements sieve elements companion cells tracheids guard cells none of thesearrow_forwardWhat specific cell is indicated. (Cucurbita stem I.s.) vessel element sieve element O companion cell tracheid guard cell none of thesearrow_forward
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