College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 64PE
Oxygen reaches the veinless cornea of the eye by diffusing through its tear layer, which is 0.500-mm thick. How long does it take the average oxygen molecule to do this?
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Insects do not have lungs as we do, nor do they breathe through their mouths. Instead, they have a system of tiny tubes, called tracheae, through which oxygen diffuses into their bodies. The tracheae begin at the surface of the insect's body and penetrate into the interior. Suppose that a tracheae is 1.83 mm long with a cross-sectional area of 1.47 x 10-9m2. The concentration of oxygen in the air outside the insect is 0.651 kg/m3, and the diffusion constant is 1.79 x 10-5 m2/s. If the mass per second of oxygen is diffusing through a trachea is 1.77 x 10-12 kg/s, then find the oxygen concentration at the interior end of the tube.
45.
Insects do not have lungs as we do, nor do they breathe through
their mouths. Instead, they have a system of tiny tubes, called tra-
cheae, through which oxygen diffuses into their bodies. The tracheae begin
at the surface of an insect's body and penetrate into the interior. Suppose
that a trachea is 1.9 mm long with a cross-sectional area of 2.1 × 10-º m².
The concentration of oxygen in the air outside the insect is 0.28 kg/m², and
the diffusion constant is 1.1 × 10-5 m²/s. If the mass per second of oxygen
diffusing through a trachea is 1.7 X 10-12 kg/s, find the oxygen concentra-
tion at the interior end of the tube.
The partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs is about 150 mm of Hg. (The partial pressure is the pressure of the oxygen alone, if all other gases were removed.) This corresponds to a concentration of 5.3 × 1024 molecules per m3. In the oxygen-depleted blood entering the pulmonary capillaries, the concentration is 1.4 × 1024 molecules per m3. The blood is separated from air in the alveoli of the lungs by a 1-μm-thick membrane. What is the rate of transfer of oxygen to the blood through the 5 × 10-9 m2 surface area of one alveolus? Give your answer in both molecules/s and μmol/s. Assume The diffusion coefficient for oxygen in tissue is 2 × 10-11 m2/s. What is the same rate of transfer in μmol/s. Give your answer to 1 significant figure.
Chapter 12 Solutions
College Physics
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College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
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