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What do the numbers mean? A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
- Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
- How many cars do you own?
- What is your marital slams?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
- Are the responses for question (i) nominal or ordinal?
- On question (i), Brenda answers (2) and Jason answers (4). Jason’s answer (4) is greater than Brenda’s answer (2). Does Jason’s answer reflect more of something?
- Jason’s answer to question (i) is twice as large as Brenda’s answer. Does Jason’s answer reflect twice as much of something? Explain.
- Are the responses for question (ii) qualitative or quantitative?
- On question (ii). Brenda answers 2 and Jason answers 1. Does Brenda’s answer reflect more of something? Does Brenda’s answer reflect twice as much of something? Explain.
- Are the responses for question (iii) nominal or ordinal?
- On question (iii). Brenda answers (4) and Jason answers (2). Does Brenda’s answer reflect more of something? Does Brenda’s answer reflect twice as much of something? Explain.
a.
To identify:whether the responses for question (i) nominal or ordinal.
Answer to Problem 49E
The responses for question (i): ordinal.
Explanation of Solution
Given information:A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
The values are classified into categories in a nominal variable, but no natural ordering is there in categories, whereas, the values are also classified into categories in an ordinary variablebut a natural ordering is there in categories.
Thus, to given question the choices for response has natural ordering with strongly oppose which indicating negative opinion and favor stating intensely positive feedback is ordinal variable.
Therefore, responses to given question are ordinal.
b.
To identify:Whether Jason’s answer reflects more of something.
Answer to Problem 49E
Jason’s answer reflects that he is favor of constructing a new shopping mall unlike Brenda
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
On question (i), Brenda answers (2) and Jason answers (4). Jason’s answer (4) is greater than Brenda’s answer (2).
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
It is given that Brenda answered 2 and Jason answered 4. Thus Jason’s answer reflect more of positivity, as he though not sure of intensity of favoring the construction supported it, unlike Brenda.
c.
To identify:Whether Jason’s answer reflects twice as much of something.
Answer to Problem 49E
The variable response to given question is categorical in nature, so it doesn’t not imply Jason’s answer to given question is twice as much of something
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
Jason’s answer to question (i) is twice as large as Brenda’s answer.
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
It is given that Brenda answered 2 and Jason answered 4. Thus Jason’s answer reflect more of positivity, as he though not sure of intensity of favoring the construction supported it, unlike Brenda. It is given Jason’s answer to given question is twice as large as Brenda, which does not implies twice as much of something, because, the variable response to given question is categorical in nature.
d.
To identify:Whether question (ii) qualitative or quantitative.
Answer to Problem 49E
The responses for question (ii): quantitative
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
The variable which classifies individuals into categories is called qualitative variable, and the variable whichprovide information aboutquantity or number of something is quantitative variable. The variable number of cars owned by one tells how many cars one had been capable of possessing.
Therefore, the response is quantitative in nature.
e.
To identify:Whether Brenda’s answer reflect more of something and does it reflect Brenda’s answer is twice as much as something.
Answer to Problem 49E
The response is quantitative, Brenda’s answer reflect that she have more cars than Jason.
Yes! Brenda’s answer reflect that she have twice as many cars as what Jason have.
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
On question (ii), Brenda answers 2 and Jason answers 1.
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
It is given that Brenda answered 2 and Jason answered 1 in response to given question, which clearly implies Brenda owns more cars than Jason. Brenda’s answer reflects twice as much as cars than Jason.
f.
To identify:Whether the responses to question (iii) nominal or ordinal.
Answer to Problem 49E
The responses to question (iii): nominal.
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
(1) Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
The values are classified into categories in a nominal variable, but no natural ordering is there in categories, whereas, the values are also classified into categories in an ordinary variable but a natural ordering is there in categories.
Thus, the responses to given question classifies one’s marital status into five categories.
Therefore, responses to given question are nominal.
g.
To identify:Whether Brenda’s answers reflect more of something and reflect twice as much as something.
Answer to Problem 49E
Brenda’s response of 4 and Jason’s response of 2 do not reflect more of something. Brenda’s answer does not reflect twice as much as Jason’s.
Explanation of Solution
Given information: A survey is administered by a marketing firm. Two of the people surveyed are Brenda and Jason. Three of the questions are as follows:
i. Do you favor the construction of a new shopping mall?
(1) Strongly oppose (2) Somewhat oppose (3) Neutral (4) Somewhat favor (5) Strongly favor
ii. How many cars do you own?
iii. What is your marital status?
- Married (2) Single (3) Divorced (4) Domestically partnered (5) Other On question (iii), Brenda answers (4) and Jason answers (2).
Concept Involved:
There are various methods of collecting information by sampling. Once the information has been collected, the collection is called a data set. Variables can be divided into two types: qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative variables are also called categorical variable, classify individuals into categories. Quantitative variables are numerical and tell how much of something there is.
Qualitative variables come in two types: ordinal variables and nominal variables.
Ordinal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have a natural ordering.
Nominal variables are qualitative variables whose categories have no natural ordering.
Quantitative variables can be either discrete or continuous.
Discrete variables are those whose possible values can be listed. Often, discrete variables result from counting something, so the possible values of the variable are 0, 1, 2 and so forth.
Continuous variables can, in principle, take on any value within some interval.
The values are classified into categories in a nominal variable, but no natural ordering is there in categories, whereas, the values are also classified into categories in an ordinary variable but a natural ordering is there in categories.
Thus, the responses to given question classifies one’s marital status into five categories.
Response to Marital status are nominal in nature, thus primarily the variable marital status is categorical. Hence, Brenda’s response of 4 and Jason’s response of 2 do not reflect more of something.
Therefore, Brenda’s answer does not reflect twice as much as Jason’s
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Chapter 1 Solutions
ELEM.STATS>LL<W/CONNECT-FD
- Apply STATA commands & submit the output for each question only when indicated below i. Generate the log of birthweight and family income of children. Name these new variables Ibwght & Ifaminc. Include the output of this code. ii. Apply the command sum with the detail option to the variable faminc. Note: you should find the 25th percentile value, the 50th percentile and the 75th percentile value of faminc from the output - you will need it to answer the next question Include the output of this code. iii. iv. Use the output from part ii of this question to Generate a variable called "high_faminc" that takes a value 1 if faminc is less than or equal to the 25th percentile, it takes the value 2 if faminc is greater than 25th percentile but less than or equal to the 50th percentile, it takes the value 3 if faminc is greater than 50th percentile but less than or equal to the 75th percentile, it takes the value 4 if faminc is greater than the 75th percentile. Include the outcome of this code…arrow_forwardsolve this on paperarrow_forwardApply STATA commands & submit the output for each question only when indicated below i. Apply the command egen to create a variable called "wyd" which is the rowtotal function on variables bwght & faminc. ii. Apply the list command for the first 10 observations to show that the code in part i worked. Include the outcome of this code iii. Apply the egen command to create a new variable called "bwghtsum" using the sum function on variable bwght by the variable high_faminc (Note: need to apply the bysort' statement) iv. Apply the "by high_faminc" statement to find the V. descriptive statistics of bwght and bwghtsum Include the output of this code. Why is there a difference between the standard deviations of bwght and bwghtsum from part iv of this question?arrow_forward
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