Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 3CT
Different populations of the tiny freshwater snails pictured in FIGURE 12.1 reproduce sexually, or asexually. Individuals of the sexual populations are diploid; those in asexual populations are diploid (3n, having three sets of chromosomes). Huge populations of asexual snails are disrupting ecosystems worldwide.
Fertilizers and detergents contain a lot of phosphorus. So does DNA. Explain why you might expect to find more sexual snail populations in an unpolluted river, and more asexual ones in a river polluted by agricultural and urban runoff.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
In C. elegans there are two sexes: hermaphrodite and male. Sex is determined by the ratio of X chromosomes to haploid sets of autosomes (X/A). An X/A ratio of 1.0 produces a hermaphrodite (XX), and an X/A ratio of 0.5 results in a male (XO). In the 1970s, Jonathan Hodgkin and Sydney Brenner carried out genetic screens to identify mutations in three genes that result in either XX males (tra-1, tra-2) or XO hermaphrodites (her-1). Double-mutant strains were constructed to assess for epistatic interactions between the genes (see table). Propose a genetic model of how the her and tra genes control sex determination.
About 40% of Solomon Islanders carry a gene for blond hair, and yet only 5%–10% of these people actually have blond hair. Why is the number of people with blond hair only 5%–10% when so many people carry genes for blond hair?
The duck-billed platypus has a unique mechanism of sex determination: females have five pairs of X chromosomes (X1X1X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X5) and males have five pairs of X and Y chromosomes (X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5). Do you think each of the X and Y chromosome pairs in males assort independently of other X and Y pairs during meiosis? Why or why not?
How is the inheritance of X-linked traits different from the inheritance of autosomal traits? How is the inheritance of X-linked and autosomal traits similar? List as many differences and similarities as you can.
Global warming is an issue affecting many species around the world. Warming has caused the temperatures in lakes and rivers to increase and stay elevated for longer periods of time. Select the FOUR numbers that describe the possible effects of global warming on the reproduction of rainbow trout in the wild and on biodiversity.
The extra set of chromosomes remains.
The extra set of chromosomes is removed.
The offspring are diploid (2n).
The offspring are triploid (3n).
The offspring cannot reproduce.
The offspring can reproduce.
Biodiversity decreases.
Biodiversity increases.
Please record the FOUR numbers in ascending order.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12 - One evolutionary advantage of sexual over asexual...Ch. 12 - Meiosis is a necessary part of sexual reproduction...Ch. 12 - Meiosis _________. a. occurs in all eukaryotes b....Ch. 12 - Sexual reproduction in animals requires ______. a....Ch. 12 - Meiosis ______ the parental chromosome number. a....Ch. 12 - Dogs have a diploid chromosome number or 78. How...Ch. 12 - The cell in the diagram to the right is in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8SQCh. 12 - Prob. 1DAACh. 12 - Prob. 2DAA
Ch. 12 - Prob. 3DAACh. 12 - Prob. 9SQCh. 12 - Crossing over mixes up ______. a. chromosomes b....Ch. 12 - Crossing over happens during which phase of...Ch. 12 - Which of the following is one of the very...Ch. 12 - Match each term with the best description. __...Ch. 12 - ________ contributes to variation in traits among...Ch. 12 - The diploid chromosome number for the body cells...Ch. 12 - In your own words, explain why sexual reproduction...Ch. 12 - Different populations of the tiny freshwater...Ch. 12 - Make a simple sketch of meiosis in a cell with a...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- need helparrow_forwardCompare the genetic relationship of the parent pest and its offspring. Use the word: GENETICALLY IDENTICAL/DIFFERENT, GENETIC RECOMBINATION. USE THIS SENTENCE STARTER: The parent pest and its offspring are (genetically identical/different) because...arrow_forwardSuppose we consider a population in which a particular gene occurs in the form of two alleles, R (dominant) and r (recessive), in equal frequencies. Considering all of the sperms and ova of this population as a group provides us with a gene pool in which half of the gamates carry R and half carry r. (1) What would be the possible genetic constitutions (in regard to R and r) in the gametes produced by this population? (2) What would be the possible genetic constitutions (in regard to R and r) of the zygotes produced by random mating?arrow_forward
- Please DEFINE the following terms, and explain how they apply to Andean Condors: Homogametic sex Heterogametic sexarrow_forwardA species of aphid normally breeds and lays its eggs on the new growth of a plant in the month of May. A mutant female grasshopper in the population produces a batch of eggs that carry a new allele that delays sexual development until July. Her offspring feed on the new growth of a different plant that grows later in the season in the same area. Her offspring mate successfully with one another, producing a new generation of July-mating aphids. This new form is a potential candidate for: a) sympatric speciation via reinforcement b) sympatric speciation initiated via temporal isolation c) allopatric speciation initiated via ecologically-dependent postzygotic isolation d) allopatric speciation initiated via genetic incompatibilities e) sympatric speciation initiated via pollinator isolationarrow_forward1) Many organisms have the ability to reproduce asexually as well as perform sexual reproduction. A Scientist, John Smith, was conducting research on aphids that can undergo both methods of reproduction. He determined the males in his population had fertilization rate of 1.8 and a relative fitness of outcrossed offspring was 1.1. a) What is the equilibrium frequency of males in this population? b) Is this population stable equilibrium and why?arrow_forward
- si4arrow_forwardAnisogamy is the term for sexual dimorphism in gamete size. a) Discuss the evolution of anisogamy from an ancestor in which gametes had equal size. What factors would lead to a divergence in gamete size among members of a population? b) Sexual selection can be strong in some species, and weaker in others. What determines the strength of sexual selection for a certain species? Discuss the differences in sex roles and Bateman’s Principle in your answer.arrow_forwardIf you have a hermaphrodite C. elegans worm that is heterozygous for the locus M (Mm), and you place it by itself in a small Petri dish - what do you think will happen? The worm will "self-fertilize" giving rise to progeny with a 1:2:1 distribution of MM, Mm and mm individuals The worm will not produce any progeny, because it doesn't have a partner to mate The worm will self-fertilize, giving rise to progeny that is either 100% MM or 100% mm. The worm will self-fertilize, giving rise to progeny that is all heterozygous (Mm) because both alleles will be introduced into the gametes of a hermaphrodite individualarrow_forward
- Generally, sex chromosomes in male mammals are XY and females are XX. Followingmeiosis and gamete production, and assuming there are no chromosome mutations, what is thefrequency of the genotypes of all possible gametes, and what should be the sex ratio of alloffspring produced within a population?arrow_forwardWhat is the Red Queen Dynamic? Using the snail example, explain why different parasite and host genotypes are expected to oscillate in frequency? Why would this favor sexual reproduction or outcrossing?arrow_forwardIn sexually reproducing species, each individual begins life with DNA inherited from both parent organisms. , Apply this idea to what occurs when organisms of two species that have homologous chromosomes mate and produce ( F1 ) hybrid offspring. What percentage of the DNA in the F1 hybrids' chromosomes comes from each parent species? As the hybrids mate and produce F2 and later-generation hybrid offspring, describe how recombination and natural selection may affect whether the DNA in hybrid chromosomes is derived from one parent species or the other.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
How do Plants Handle Stress?; Author: Alex Dainis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYsnveEHqec;License: Standard Youtube License