Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305115347
Author: Roxy Peck; Chris Olsen; Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Brooks Cole
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 36CR
The color vision of birds plays a role in their foraging behavior: Birds use color to select and avoid certain types of food. The authors of the article “Colour Avoidance in Northern Bobwhites: Effects of Age, Sex, and Previous Experience” (Animal Behaviour [1995]: 519–526) studied the pecking behavior of 1-day-old bobwhites. In an area painted white, they inserted four pins with different colored heads. The color of the pin chosen on the bird’s first peck was noted for each of 33 bobwhites, resulting in the accompanying table.
Do the data provide evidence of a color preference? Test using α = 0.01.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
]14. Many animals, including humans, tend
to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns
that look like eyes. Some insects, including
moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on
their wings to help ward off predators.
Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how
eye-spot patterns affect the behaviour of
birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a
box with two chambers and were free to
move from one chamber to another. In one
chamber, two large eye-spots were painted
on one wall. The other chamber had plain
walls. The researcher recorded the amount
of time each bird spent in the plain chamber
during a 60-minute session. Suppose the
study produced a mean of M
34.5 minutes
on the plain chamber with SS = 210 for a
sample
of n =
15 birds. (Now: If the eye spots have
no effect. then the birds should spend an
average of u = 30 minutes in each chamber.)
a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that
the eyes pots have a significant influence on
the bird's behaviour? Ike a two-tailed test
with…
A researcher wanted to study the tendency of our choices to be influenced by our environment, so she conducted an experiment. The researcher recruited 90 volunteers. She randomly assigned 30 to sit in a room with red walls, 30 to sit in a room with yellow walls, and 30 to sit in a room with orange walls. After sitting in the room doing mundane activities, she offered them all a snack of strawberries, bananas, or oranges. For each individual, she recorded which room the participant was in and which snack they chose. The data are displayed in the table.
The researcher would like to know if these data provide convincing evidence that the distribution of snack choice differs for the various room colors in the population of all volunteers like these. What is the appropriate inference procedure?
A developmental psychologist would like to determine whether infants display any color preferences. A stimulus consisting of four color patches (red, green, blue, and yellow) is projected onto the ceiling above a crib. Infants are placed in the crib, one at a time, and the psychologist records how much time each infant spends looking at each of the four colors. The color that receives the most attention during a 100-second test period is identified as the preferred color for that infant. The preferred colors for a sample of 80 infants are shown in the following table:
Red
Green
Blue
Yellow
25
18
23
14
a. Do the data indicate any significant preferences among the four colors? Test at the .05 level of significance.
b. Write a sentence demonstrating how the outcome of the hypothesis test would appear in a research report.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis
Ch. 12.1 - A particular cell phone case is available in a...Ch. 12.1 - From the given information in each case below, use...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 12.1 - The article “In Bronx, Hitting Home Runs Is A...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 12.1 - The paper Sociochemosensory and Emotional...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 12.1 - The report “Fatality Facts 2004: Bicycles”...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 12.1 - A certain genetic characteristic of a particulai...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.2 - A particular state university system has six...Ch. 12.2 - A random sample of 1000 registered voters in a...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 12.3 - Can people tell the difference between a female...Ch. 12.3 - The following passage is from the paper Gender...Ch. 12.3 - The article titled Nap Time...Ch. 12.3 - Using data from a national survey, the authors of...Ch. 12 - Each observation in a random sample of 100 bicycle...Ch. 12 - The color vision of birds plays a role in their...Ch. 12 - Prob. 37CRCh. 12 - Prob. 38CRCh. 12 - Prob. 39CRCh. 12 - Prob. 40CRCh. 12 - Prob. 41CRCh. 12 - Prob. 42CRCh. 12 - Prob. 43CRCh. 12 - Prob. 44CR
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Bottled Water. A project exploring the bottled-water phenomenon and preference of water types was conducted by researchers M. Lunsford and A. Fink in the article “Water Taste Test Data” (Journal of Statistics Education, Vol. 18, No. 1). One hundred nine subjects participated in double-blind taste tests of three different bottled water brands (Fiji, Aquafina, and Sam’s Choice) and tap water. Twelve people preferred the tapwater, 27Aquafina, 44 Fiji, and 26 Sam’s Choice. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that the four different water types are not equally likely in preference?arrow_forwardA study by a reputable research group captured multitasking activities of adults who use different devices while watching TV. The study reported that 320 of 442 (72%) smartphone users sampled, 192 of 350 (55%)computer users sampled, and 139 of 260 (53%) tablet users sampled used their device to check social media unrelated to the video content while watching TV. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. a. Is there evidence of a significant difference among the smartphone, computer, and tablet users with respect to the proportion who use their device to check social media unrelated to the video content while watching TV? (Use α=0.10.) The test statistic is χ2STAT= Find X2STAT Please show me the process of how you find this.arrow_forwardA study by a reputable research group captured multitasking activities of adults who use different devices while watching TV. The study reported that 320 of 442 (72%) smartphone users sampled, 192 of 350 (55%) computer users sampled, and 139 of 260 (53%)tablet users sampled used their device to check social media unrelated to the video content while watching TV. Complete parts (a) through (c) below. a. Is there evidence of a significant difference among the smartphone, computer, and tablet users with respect to the proportion who use their device to check social media unrelated to the video content while watching TV? (Use α=0.10.) Your answer is correct. The test statistic is χ2STAT=35.860 The critical value for α=0.10 Please help and explain how to achieve critical valuearrow_forward
- Television sets are given a final inspection following assembly. Three types of defects are identified, critical, major, and minor defects, by a mail-order house. Data are analyzed with the following results. Sets having no 75% defects Sets having only 2% critical defects Sets having only 5% major defects Sets having only 7% minor defects Sets having only 3% critical and major defects Sets having only 4% critical and minor defects Sets having only 3% minor and major defects Sets having all 1% three types of defects What is the probability that a randomly selected set has a critical or major defeca? OA. 0.10 OB. 0.35 OC. 0.25 OD. 0.01 OE. 0.30arrow_forwardA researcher wanted to study the tendency of people’s choices to be influenced by their environment, so she conducted an experiment. The researcher recruited 90 volunteers. She randomly assigned 30 to sit in a room with red walls, 30 to sit in a room with yellow walls, and 30 to sit in a room with orange walls. After sitting in the room for a while doing mundane activities, she offered them all a snack of strawberries, bananas, or oranges. For each individual, she recorded which room the participant was in and which snack they chose. The data are displayed in the table. The researcher would like to know if these data provide convincing evidence that the distribution of snack choice differs for the various room colors in the population of all volunteers like these. Are the conditions for inference met?arrow_forwardHow does visual art affect the perception and evaluation of consumer products? Subiects were asked to evaluate an advertisement for bathroom fittings that contained an art image, a nonart image, or no image. The art image was Vermeer's painting Girl with a Pearl Earring, and the nonart image was a photograph of the actress Scarlett Johansson in the same pose wearing the same garments as the girl in the painting and was taken from the motion picture Girl with a Pearl Earring. Thus the art and nonart images were a match on content. College students were divided at random into three groups of 39 each, with each group assigned to one of the three types of advertisements. Students evaluated the product in the advertisement on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 being the most unfavorable rating and 7 being the most fa vorable. The paper reported that a one-way ANOVA on the product evaluation index had F = 6.29 with P < 0.05.13 a. identify the populations and the response variable. b. what is the…arrow_forward
- In the Chapter Preview we presented a study showing that handling money reduces the perception pain (Zhou, Vohs, & Baumeister, 2009). In the experiment, a group of college students was told that they were participating in a manual dexterity study. Half of the students were given a stack of money to count and the other half got a stack of blank pieces of paper. After the counting task, the participants were asked to dip their hands into bowls of very hot water (122°F) and rate how uncomfortable it was. The following data show ratings of pain similar to the results obtained in the study. Counting Money Counting Paper 7 9 8 11 10 13 6 10 8 11 5 9 7 15 12 14 5 10 Is there a significant difference in reported pain between the two conditions? Use a two-tailed test with α = .01. Compute Cohen’s d to estimate the size of the treatment effect.arrow_forwardTo determine if there is gender and/or race discrimination in car buying, lan Ayres put together a team of fifteen white males, five white females, four black males, and seven black females who were each asked to obtain an initial offer price from the dealer on a certain model car. The 31 individuals were made to appear as similar as possible to account for other variables that may play a role in the offer price of a car. The following data are based on the results in the article and represent the profit on the initial price offered by the dealer. Ayres wanted to determine if the profit based on the initial offer differed among the four groups. Source: Ian Ayres. “Fair Driving: Gender and Race Discrimination in Retail Car Negotiations." Harvard Law Review. Vol. 104, No. 4, Feb. 1991. White Male Black Male White Female Black Female 1300 853 1241 951 1899 646 727 1824 954 2053 951 559 1616 754 1943 794 429 1537 706 2168 661 1181 596 2325 824 853 1982 1038 877 1780 754arrow_forwardWhich scent station showed no significant preference by one insect type over the others? Rotten eggs Manure All scents Dead mouse Rotten peacharrow_forward
- A researcher is interested in examining whether the location that a person lives is related to the number of hours that they spend on the internet each week. The researcher collected data from a sample of 30 participants who were classified in one of three groups: (1) 10 people who live in an urban setting, (2) 10 people who live in a suburban setting, and (3) 10 people who live in a rural setting. Each participant reported the number of hours they spend on the internet in a typical week (the dependent variable). The researcher found the following descriptive statistics: Urban participants reported an average of 8.9 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 2.77. Suburban participants reported an average of 12.7 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 4.88. Rural participants reported an average of 9.8 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 2.82. Using the data that was collected, the researcher found the following: The…arrow_forwardA researcher is interested in examining whether the location that a person lives is related to the number of hours that they spend on the internet each week. The researcher collected data from a sample of 30 participants who were classified in one of three groups: (1) 10 people who live in an urban setting, (2) 10 people who live in a suburban setting, and (3) 10 people who live in a rural setting. Each participant reported the number of hours they spend on the internet in a typical week (the dependent variable). The researcher found the following descriptive statistics: Urban participants reported an average of 8.9 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 2.77. Suburban participants reported an average of 12.7 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 4.88. Rural participants reported an average of 9.8 hours of internet use per week with a standard deviation of 2.82. Using the data that was collected, the researcher found the following: The…arrow_forwardScenario 6 Birds use color to select and avoid certain types of food. The authors of a particular article studied the pecking behavior of 1-day-old bobwhites. In an area painted white, they inserted four pins with different colored heads. The color of the pin chosen on the bird's first peck was noted for each bobwhites, resulting in the accompanying table. Blue Green Yellow Red 16 11 7 |6 Do these data provide evidence of a color preference? Test using a significance level of 1%. Let p1, p2, p3, p4 be the proportions of bobwhites whose first peck is each of the four colors. Suggestion: write out the steps of the goodness- of-fit hypothesis test.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons IncProbability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage LearningStatistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSONThe Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. FreemanIntroduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License