Microeconomics
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337671590
Author: Arnold
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 1.2, Problem 2ST
To determine
Explain how does competition arises out of scarcity.
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1. A town relies on four different sources for its non-drinking water needs: dam water,
reclaimed water, rain water, and desalinated water. The different sources carry different
risks and costs. For instance, desalinated water is fully reliable due to abundant sea water,
but it is more expensive than other options. Reclaimed water also has relatively lower
risk than rain or dam water since a certain amount can be obtained, even during the dry.
season, by the treatment of daily generated waste water.
Using any of the four options requires an investment in that resource. The return on a
particular water source is defined as the amount of water generated by the source per
dollar of investment in it. The expected returns and standard deviations of those returns
for the four water sources are described in the following table:
Water resource
Expected return St. Deviation
Dam water
2.7481
0.2732
Reclaimed water
1.6005
0.0330
Rain water
0.5477
0.2865
Desalinated water
0.3277
0.0000
Higher…
1. Imagine a society that produces military goods
and consumer goods, which we'll call "guns"
and "butter."
a. Draw a production possibilities frontier for
guns and butter. Using the concept of
opportunity cost, explain why it most likely
has a bowed-out shape.
b. Show a point that is impossible for the
economy to achieve. Show a point that is
feasible but inefficient.
c. Imagine that the society has two political
parties, called the Hawks (who want a strong
military) and the Doves (who want a smaller
military). Show a point on your production
possibilities frontier that the Hawks might
choose and a point the Doves might choose.
d. Imagine that an aggressive neighboring
country reduces the size of its military. As a
result, both the Hawks and the Doves reduce
their desired production of guns by the same
amount. Which party would get the bigger
"peace dividend," measured by the increase in
butter production? Explain.
A health study tracked a group of persons for five years. At the beginning of the study, 20%were classified as heavy smokers, 30% as light smokers, and 50% as nonsmokers. Resultsof the study showed that light smokers were twice as likely as nonsmokers to die duringthe five-year study, but only half as likely as heavy smokers.A randomly selected participant from the study died during the five-year period. Calculatethe probability that the participant was a heavy smoker
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microeconomics
Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 1STCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2STCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3STCh. 1.3 - Prob. 1STCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2STCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3STCh. 1.4 - Prob. 1STCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2STCh. 1.4 - Prob. 3STCh. 1.4 - Prob. 4ST
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1QPCh. 1 - Prob. 2QPCh. 1 - Prob. 3QPCh. 1 - Prob. 4QPCh. 1 - Prob. 5QPCh. 1 - Prob. 6QPCh. 1 - Prob. 7QPCh. 1 - Prob. 8QPCh. 1 - Prob. 9QPCh. 1 - Prob. 10QPCh. 1 - Prob. 11QPCh. 1 - Prob. 12QPCh. 1 - Prob. 13QPCh. 1 - Prob. 14QPCh. 1 - Prob. 15QPCh. 1 - Prob. 16QPCh. 1 - Prob. 17QPCh. 1 - Prob. 18QPCh. 1 - Prob. 19QPCh. 1 - Prob. 20QPCh. 1 - Prob. 21QPCh. 1 - Prob. 22QPCh. 1 - Prob. 23QPCh. 1 - Prob. 24QPCh. 1 - Prob. 25QPCh. 1 - Prob. 26QPCh. 1 - Prob. 1WNGCh. 1 - Prob. 2WNGCh. 1 - Prob. 3WNG
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