MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING:AN INTRO
10th Edition
ISBN: 9798203933584
Author: Callister
Publisher: ZYBOOKS
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Chapter 12, Problem 23QAP
To determine
To cite:
The reason for the low densities of silicate materials in bonding terms.
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Given a small town with three transportation analysis zones and origin-destination survey results, provide a trip distribution calculation using the gravity model for two iterations; assume Kij = 1. The following table shows the number of productions and attractions in each zone.
Zone
1
2
3
Total
Productions 250
480
270
1,000
Attractions
435
180
385
1,000
The survey's results for the zones' travel time in minutes were as follows.
To
Zone
1
2
3
1
6
4
2
From
2
2
8
3
3
1
3
5
The following table shows travel time versus friction factor.
Time (min)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Friction Factor
82
52
50
41
39
26
20
13
Compute the trip distribution calculations for the first iteration.
Zone-to-Zone Trips: First Iteration
To
Zone
1
2
3
Computed P
Given P
1
From
2
3
Computed A
Given A
Compute the trip distribution calculations for the second iteration.
Zone-to-Zone Trips: Second Iteration
To
Zone
1
2
3
Computed P
Given P
1
From
2
3
Computed A
Given A
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The Debye-Hückel Theory and the Güntelberg and Davies Approximations are not accurate for very
high ionic-strength solutions like seawater. Thus, more complicated methods must be used to calculate
activity coefficients in seawater, or they can be determined experimentally. One study reported the
following activity coefficients:
Chemical Species
Activity Coefficient (y)
Ca2+
0.28
CO32-
0.20
CaCO3
1.13*
For a seawater sample with 140 µM Ca 2+ and 210 μM CO32-, let's determine if precipitation of CaCO3 is
thermodynamically favorable:
A) If you ignored the effect of the salinity on the activities of all the chemical species, what would be the
value of Q? Based on this value of Q, would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?
B) Considering the activity coefficients given in the table above, what would be the value of Q (IAP)?
Based on this value of Q (IAP), would you expect CaCO3 to precipitate?
The Jeffersonville Transportation Study area has been divided into four traffic zones. The following data have been compiled.
Travel Time (min)
District
Productions
Attractions
1
2 3 4
1
3,000
3,000
5
8
12
15
2
1,000
400
8
5
10
8
3
2,000
4,500
12
10
5
7
4
2,500
600
15
8
7
5
Travel Time
1
5
6
7
8
10
12
15
Fij
2.00 1.30
1.10
1.00
0.95
0.85
0.80
0.65
After the first iteration, the trip table was as follows.
District
1
2
3
4
Ps
1
1,415
138
2
367
67
1,306 141
493
73
3
522
4
641
74
125
As
2,945 404
1,478 256
4,550 601
3,000
1,000
1,273 131 2,000
2,500
Complete the second iteration.
District
1
2
3
4
Computed A
1
2
3
4
Computed P
Chapter 12 Solutions
MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING:AN INTRO
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 23QAP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 26QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 48QAPCh. 12 - Prob. 1FEQPCh. 12 - Prob. 2FEQP
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