The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation . Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

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*Example 2: Tracing the path of an autosomal dominant trait Trait: Neurofibromatosis Forms of the trait: The dominant form is neurofibromatosis, caused by the production of an abnormal form of the protein neurofibromin. Affected individuals show spots of abnormal skin pigmentation and non-cancerous tumors that can interfere with the nervous system and cause blindness. Some tumors can convert to a cancerous form. i The recessive form is a normal protein - in other words, no neurofibromatosis.moovi A typical pedigree for a family that carries neurofibromatosis is shown below. Note that carriers are not indicated with half-colored shapes in this chart. Use the letter "N" to indicate the dominant neurofibromatosis allele, and the letter "n" for the normal allele. Nn nn nn 2 nn Nn A 3 N-

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

When two populations are reproductively isolated genetic divergence should happen for the occurrence of speciation.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 1TQ

Summary Introduction

The formation of new and distinctive species during the course of evolution is termed as speciation. Speciation is the biological process in which a particular species splits to form more than a species. Speciation occurs due to genetic divergence.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1TQ

In order to accomplish speciation in two populations that are reproductively isolated, genetic divergence must occur.

Therefore, the option (b) is correct.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

Species can interbreed to produce offspring, but they cannot breed with other such groups. This indicates that they are reproductively isolated. When two populations of a species are isolated reproductively, genetic divergence must occur for speciation to happen. This is because, genetic divergence is the process in which the accumulation of independent genetic changes (DNA sequence of genes) of two or more populations of ancestral species for a long period of time. This ultimately leads to the formation of new species.

Option (b) is given as “genetic divergence”.

Hence, the option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is given as “gene flow”.

Gene flow is a process in which passing of alleles occurs between dissimilar populations of the same species. But, speciation occurs when populations of a species are reproductively or geographically isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (c) is given as “coevolution”.

Coevolution is a process in which two or more species evolve together, so that they can adapt to their environments. Therefore, coevolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (d) is given as “convergent evolution”.

Convergent evolution is a process by which organisms evolve independently with similar traits. Therefore, convergent evolution is not related to speciation. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option (e) is given as “none of the above”.

The statement given in option (b) is necessary for speciation to happen when two populations are reproductively isolated. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options (a), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.