Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction

Introduction

Fungal infection invades the host tissues at various level and causes different types of mycosis. Each genus of fungi has different method of entry. The types of mycosis vary depending on the site of infection. The development of fungal infection is based on the physiological and environmental conditions.

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GenusMethod of  EntrySite of infectionMycosis
BlastomycesInhalationLungs(a) Systemic mycosis
SporothrixPunctureUlcerative  lesions(b) Subcutaneous mycosis
MicrosporumContactFingernails(d) Cutaneous mycosis
TrichosporonContactHair Shafts(e) Superficial mycosis
AspergillusInhalationLungs(f) Systemic mycosis

There are different types of mycosis. They are cutaneous, opportunistic, subcutaneous, superficial, or systemic. Superficial mycosis occurs in the hair shaft or skin. Superficial infections include black piedra, white piedra, pityriasis, versicolor, and tinea nigra. This type of mycosis is highly transmitted through contact. Cutaneous mycosis involves stratum corneum, deep layer of the epidermis of the tissue. They may also include nails and hair. A subcutaneous mycosis occurs deep due to a puncture. The different sites of subcutaneous mycosis include respiratory, blood vessel, and gastrointestinal tract. Cutaneous mycoses are classified into dermatophytoses and dermatomycosis based on the specific genera casing the infection. This mycosis involves skin, hair, and nail. In opportunistic mycosis, spores enter the lungs and paranasal site, and cause different fungal infections.

Conclusion

Fungal infection causes mycosis in the host cell and they are treated by empirical or prophylactic antibiotics. Hospitals should maintain a spore free environment. Identification and administration of new antifungal agents helps in preventing severe fungal infections.

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