Chemistry (OER)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172616
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 12, Problem 1E
What is the difference between average rate, initial rate, and instantaneous rate?
Expert Solution & Answer
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The difference between average rate, initial rate, and instantaneous rate is to be determined.
Concept Introduction: The average rate is the rate of reaction over a longer period of time as compared to the instantaneous rate which is the rate at a particular instant. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction when a reaction commences.
Explanation of Solution
Average rate over a specific time period is defined as the change in a concentration over that period divided by the time interval. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction when a reaction commences, just as the new product begins to get formed. The instantaneous rate is the rate of a reaction at any specific point in time, expressed as the differential of concentration with respect to time. Thus, the average rate is the rate of reaction over a longer period of time as compared to the instantaneous rate which is the rate at a particular instant.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1) a) Give the dominant Intermolecular Force (IMF) in a sample of each of the following
compounds. Please show your work. (8) SF2, CH,OH, C₂H₂
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19.78 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. Refer to your reaction road-
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(a)
1. BHS
2. H₂O₂
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4. SOCI₂
(b)
1. Cl₂/hv
2. KOLBU
3. H₂O, catalytic H₂SO4
4. H₂CrO4
Reaction
Roadmap
An alkene 5. EtOH
6.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
7. Mild H₂O
An alkane
1.0
2. (CH3)₂S
3. H₂CrO
(d)
(c)
4. Excess EtOH, catalytic H₂SO
OH
4. Mild H₂O*
5.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
An alkene 6. Mild H₂O*
A carboxylic
acid
7. Mild H₂O*
1. SOC₁₂
2. EtOH
3.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/E:OH
5.1.0 Equiv. NaOEt
6.
NH₂
(e)
1. 0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH
2. Mild H₂O*
Br
(f)
i
H
An aldehyde
1. Catalytic NaOE/EtOH
2. H₂O*, heat
3. (CH,CH₂)₂Culi
4. Mild H₂O*
5.1.0 Equiv. LDA
Br
An ester
4. NaOH, H₂O
5. Mild H₂O*
6. Heat
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MgBr
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7. Mild H₂O+
Li+ is a hard acid. With this in mind, which if the following compounds should be most soluble in water?
Group of answer choices
LiBr
LiI
LiF
LiCl
Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry (OER)
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