Concept explainers
Videos
Which brand in each of the following pairs has the greater ionic character?
msp;
(a)
Interpretation:
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving left to right in the period.
In ionic compounds, the bonding is formed by the complete transfer of the electrons between the atoms to achieve the stable electron configuration like the noble gases. The higher electronegativity difference between two atoms of a compound corresponds to the greater ionic character of the compound.
Answer to Problem 19QAP
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is
Explanation of Solution
The given pair of bonds is
The electronegativity value of sodium is
The electronegativity value of fluorine is
The electronegativity value of iodine is
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
Thus, the difference in the electronegativity values for
(b)
Interpretation:
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving left to right in the period.
In ionic compounds, the bonding is formed by the complete transfer of the electrons between the atoms to achieve the stable electron configuration like the noble gases. The higher electronegativity difference between two atoms of a compound corresponds to the greater ionic character of the compound.
Answer to Problem 19QAP
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is
Explanation of Solution
The given pair of bonds is
The electronegativity value of calcium is
The electronegativity value of sulfur is
The electronegativity value of oxygen is
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
Thus, the difference in the electronegativity values for
(c)
Interpretation:
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving left to right in the period.
In ionic compounds, the bonding is formed by the complete transfer of the electrons between the atoms to achieve the stable electron configuration like the noble gases. The higher electronegativity difference between two atoms of a compound corresponds to the greater ionic character of the compound.
Answer to Problem 19QAP
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is
Explanation of Solution
The given pair of bonds is
The electronegativity value of chlorine is
The electronegativity value of lithium is
The electronegativity value of cesium is
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
Thus, the difference in the electronegativity values for
(d)
Interpretation:
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving left to right in the period.
In ionic compounds, the bonding is formed by the complete transfer of the electrons between the atoms to achieve the stable electron configuration like the noble gases. The higher electronegativity difference between two atoms of a compound corresponds to the greater ionic character of the compound.
Answer to Problem 19QAP
Among the given pair of bonds, the bond that possesses the greater ionic character is
Explanation of Solution
The given pair of bonds is
The electronegativity value of magnesium is
The electronegativity value of nitrogen is
The electronegativity value of phosphorus is
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
The difference in the electronegativity values for
Thus, the difference in the electronegativity values for
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 12 Solutions
EBK INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY
- Place the following characteristics into the box for the correct ion. Note that some of the characteristics will not be placed in either bin. Use your periodic table for assistance. Link to Periodic Table Drag the characteristics to their respective bins. ▸ View Available Hint(s) This anion could form a neutral compound by forming an ionic bond with one Ca²+. Reset Help This ion forms ionic bonds with nonmetals. This ion has a 1- charge. This is a polyatomic ion. The neutral atom from which this ion is formed is a metal. The atom from which this ion is formed gains an electron to become an ion. The atom from which this ion is formed loses an electron to become an ion. This ion has a total of 18 electrons. This ion has a total of 36 electrons. This ion has covalent bonds and a net 2- charge. This ion has a 1+ charge. Potassium ion Bromide ion Sulfate ionarrow_forwardU Consider the following graph containing line plots for the moles of Product 1 versus time (minutes) and the moles of Product 2 versus time in minutes. Choose all of the key terms/phrases that describe the plots on this graph. Check all that apply. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Slope is zero. More of Product 1 is obtained in 12 minutes. Slope has units of moles per minute. plot of minutes versus moles positive relationship between moles and minutes negative relationship between moles and minutes Slope has units of minutes per moles. More of Product 2 is obtained in 12 minutes. can be described using equation y = mx + b plot of moles versus minutes y-intercept is at (12,10). y-intercept is at the origin. Product Amount (moles) Product 1 B (12,10) Product 2 E 1 Time (minutes) A (12,5)arrow_forwardSolve for x, where M is molar and s is seconds. x = (9.0 × 10³ M−². s¯¹) (0.26 M)³ Enter the answer. Include units. Use the exponent key above the answer box to indicate any exponent on your units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) ΜΑ 0 ? Units Valuearrow_forward
- Learning Goal: This question reviews the format for writing an element's written symbol. Recall that written symbols have a particular format. Written symbols use a form like this: 35 Cl 17 In this form the mass number, 35, is a stacked superscript. The atomic number, 17, is a stacked subscript. "CI" is the chemical symbol for the element chlorine. A general way to show this form is: It is also correct to write symbols by leaving off the atomic number, as in the following form: atomic number mass number Symbol 35 Cl or mass number Symbol This is because if you write the element symbol, such as Cl, you know the atomic number is 17 from that symbol. Remember that the atomic number, or number of protons in the nucleus, is what defines the element. Thus, if 17 protons are in the nucleus, the element can only be chlorine. Sometimes you will only see 35 C1, where the atomic number is not written. Watch this video to review the format for written symbols. In the following table each column…arrow_forwardneed help please and thanks dont understand only need help with C-F Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal…arrow_forwardneed help please and thanks dont understand only need help with C-F Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal…arrow_forward
- Please correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forwardneed help please and thanks dont understand a-b Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal energy Divide the…arrow_forwardPlease correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forward
- Please correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forwardCan you tell me if my answers are correctarrow_forwardBunsenite (NiO) crystallizes like common salt (NaCl), with a lattice parameter a = 4.177 Å. A sample of this mineral that has Schottky defects that are not supposed to decrease the volume of the material has a density of 6.67 g/cm3. What percentage of NiO molecules is missing? (Data: atomic weight of Ni: 58.7; atomic weight of O: 16).arrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning