Exploring Microeconomics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781544339443
Author: Sexton, Robert L.
Publisher: Sage Publications, Inc., Corwin, Cq Press,
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Chapter 12, Problem 18P
To determine
The effect of economic profit on the industry supply curve and existing firms incurring loss/profit.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Exploring Microeconomics
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- Give every answer of all questions and take likearrow_forwardThe optimal level of production for any company is the level of production that either maximizes profits or minimizes losses. How does one determine the optimal level of production for any business? Explain. Explain why a company would shut down in the short run. Explain how a company could choose to get bigger, yet lower their average costs? What are the major characteristics of a firm competing under conditions of perfect competition? What are the major characteristics of a firm competing under conditions of monopoly? How does a demand curve differ in perfect competition from a demand curve in a monopoly? Name an example of a local monopoly?arrow_forwardplease answer question 11 and 12 and 13 11- the market price for the product is $29. If company A wants to maximize its profits and sells in a purely competitive market, how many should they produce? 12- using the price given in Q 11, will company A make an economic profit or economic loss? Show your calculation 13- given the economic profit/loss calculate in Q12, will firms enter or leave this industry or is this industry at long run equilibrium? Why?arrow_forward
- It can be argued that ‘a sustained increase in the prices of a product and profitability of businesses producing that product, in an industry where entry of new firms is possible, causes that industry to expand and eventually brings an end to high prices and above average returns’. Explain this phenomenon.arrow_forwardmust each perfectly competitive firm be in equilibrium if the industry is in the long-run equilibrium? why?arrow_forwardMacmillan Learning Consider the graphs of a constant cost industry and a perfectly competitive firm within it. Initially, the industry is in long-run equilibrium at point E, then demand shifts from Demand1 to Demand2. Answer the questions where P is the price, MR is the marginal revenue, AR is the average revenue, MC is the marginal cost, SRATC is the short-run average total cost, and LRAC is the long-run average total cost. Manipulate both of the graphs to reflect the adjustments that yield the long-run equilibrium. Price ($) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 9 8 7 6 XX 5 3 MC 2 1 E 60 30 40 50 Quantity (in thousands) The demand shift results in 70 Supply a short-run economic loss for the firm. Demand1 Demand2 10 80 90 100 0 0 10 20 SRATC 30 40 50 60 Quantity 70 80 LRAC P=MR=A 90 100arrow_forward
- What do you know about imperfectly competitive industries (and consumers of those products) that lead to downward-sloping demand curves and marginal revenue curves for these producers? Why might individual firms in some markets (or market structures) have steeper curves than others? One or more examples can be used to illustrate your points but are not required.arrow_forwardAs we begin to study different market structures, consider a market that is fiercely competitive. List the industry. What are the pros and cons of competition? Is competition in this industry a good thing? Why or why not? Would you say this is a purely competitive industry? Explain.arrow_forwardConsider two perfectly competitive industries, A and B, both operating in a state of long-run equilibrium and subject to constant returns to scale. Now let consumers' preferences change: more demand is directed to industry A and less to B. Give an explanation of what will happen (a) in the short run, and (b) in the long run. (Describe and explain the shifts that will occur in the relevant curves.) HTML Editor B IUA A I E E = E E X 三E D ¶ 1 12pt Paragraparrow_forward
- The following diagram shows the market demand for steel. Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 40 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 60 firms. PRICE (Dollars per ton) 80 72 Supply (20 firms) 64 58 Demand 48 Supply (40 firms) 40 32 2 24 16 8 ° 0 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 1200 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of tons) Supply (60 firms) ? If there were 60 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of steel would be $ Therefore, in the long run, firms would Because you know that perfectly competitive firms earn be $ per ton. At that price, firms in this industry…arrow_forward6. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. (? 100 90 80 70 60 50 ATC 30 20 AVC 10 MC O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) COSTS (Dollars per ton) 8arrow_forward7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per ton) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 ATC 30 20 10 + MC AVC 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of tons) The following diagram shows the market demand for steel. ⑦? Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 20 firms in the market. (Hint: You can disregard the portion of the supply curve that corresponds to prices where there is no output since this is the industry supply curve.) Next, use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the short-run industry supply curve when there are 30 firms. Finally, use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot the short-run industry…arrow_forward
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