Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780393912340
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Question
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.70QA
Interpretation Introduction

To find:

a) ΔG0rxn of reaction (1), (2).

b) ΔG0rxn of coupled (overall) reaction of (1) and (2), and if the overall reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 12.70QA

Solution:

a) Grxn0 of reaction (1)=+50.8 kJ

Grxn0 of reaction (2)=-394.4 kJ

b)

Grxn0 of coupled reaction of (1) and (2)=-343.6 kJ

Explanation of Solution

1) Formula:

Grxn0=nproducts×Gf,products0-nreactants×Gf,reactants0

2) Concept:

Using standard ΔG0f values of each reactant and product from the table given in the book, we can calculate the ΔG0rxn using formula given above.

If we add two reactions, we can get following coupled (overall) reaction:

CH4g+O2gCO2g+2H2g(3)

Here C(s) is the intermediate thus; so it does not appear in the coupled reaction.

3) Given information:

CH4gC(s)+2H2g(1)

C(s)+O2gCO2g(2)

Values of Gf0 are:

CH4g C(s) H2g O2g CO2g
Gf0(kJ/mol) -50.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 -394.4

4) Calculations:

a) CH4gC(s)+2H2g(1)

Grxn0=nproducts×Gf,products0-nreactants×Gf,reactants0

Grxn0=(1 mol×Gf,Cs0)+(2 mol×Gf,H2g0)-(1 mol× Gf,CH4g0)

=1 mol×0.0kJmol+2 mol×0.0kJmol-1 mol×-50.8kJmol

Grxn0=+50.8 kJ

C(s)+O2gCO2g(2)

Grxn0=(1 mol×Gf,CO2g0)-[(1 mol× Gf,Cs0)+(1 mol×Gf,O2g0)]

=1 mol×-394.4kJmol-1 mol×-0.0kJmol+1 mol×0.0kJmol

Grxn0=-394.4 kJ

b) CH4g+O2gCO2g+2H2g(3)

Grxn0=

[(1mol×Gf,CO2g0)+(2mol×Gf,H2g0)]-[(1 mol×Gf,CH4g0)+(1 mol×Gf,O2g0)]

=1 mol×-394.4kJmol+2 mol×0.0kJmol-1 mol×-50.8kJmol+1 mol×0.0kJmol

=-394.4 kJ+50.8 kJ

Grxn0=-343.6 kJ

Since Grxn0  is negative, the reaction is spontaneous under the given conditions.

We have calculated Grxn0 of each of three reactions as above. As the unwanted unit, mol is canceled out, the unit of Grxn0 is kJ.

Conclusion:

a.

Grxn0 of reaction (1)=+50.8 kJ

Grxn0 of reaction (2)=-394.4 kJ

b.

Grxn0 of coupling reaction of (1) and (2)=-343.6 kJ

The coupled reaction is spontaneous under the given conditions as the Grxn0  value is negative.

We can use the same formula for Hrxn0 and Srxn0 also. The only difference is to use Hf0 and Sf0 values instead of Gf0.

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Chapter 12 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach

Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.13QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.14QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.15QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.16QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.17QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.18QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.19QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.20QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.21QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.22QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.23QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.24QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.25QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.26QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.27QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.28QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.29QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.30QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.31QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.32QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.33QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.34QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.35QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.36QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.37QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.38QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.39QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.40QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.41QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.42QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.43QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.44QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.45QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.46QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.47QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.48QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.49QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.50QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.51QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.52QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.53QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.54QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.55QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.56QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.57QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.58QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.59QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.60QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.61QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.62QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.63QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.64QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.65QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.66QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.67QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.68QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.69QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.70QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.71QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.72QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.73QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.74QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.75QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.76QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.77QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.78QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.79QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.80QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.81QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.82QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.83QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.84QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.85QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.86QA
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