To write: the equilibrium expressions for K1 and K2
(a)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
Equilibrium constant, Keq,for a reaction is actually the concentration of the products raised to the power of number of moles divided by the concentration of the reactants raised to the power of number of moles.
For the reaction CO32−(aq)+H+(aq)⇄HCO3-(aq), the equilibrium constant K1 is written as:
K1=[HCO3-][CO32−][H+]
For the reaction HCO3-(aq)+H+(aq)⇄H2CO3(aq), the equilibrium constant K2 is written as:
K2=[H2CO3][HCO3-][H+]
Interpretation Introduction
(b) To write: the equation for the reaction that is the sum of two reactions
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
Add the two equations to obtain their sum Adding CO32−(aq)+H+(aq)⇄HCO3-(aq) and HCO3-(aq)+H+(aq)⇄H2CO3(aq),
To write: The equilibrium expression for the reaction obtained on summation of the two reactions.
(c)
Expert Solution
Explanation of Solution
The reaction obtained on summation of the two reactionsCO32−(aq)+H+(aq)⇄HCO3-(aq) and HCO3-(aq)+H+(aq)⇄H2CO3(aq) is CO32−(aq) + 2H+(aq)⇄H2CO3(aq)
When two reactions are added, their equilibrium constants get multiplied.
Therefore, the equilibrium constantK3 is obtained as K1×K2=[HCO3-][CO32−][H+]×[H2CO3][HCO3-][H+]=[H2CO3][CO32−][H+]2
Conclusion
K1=[HCO3-][CO32−][H+], K2=[H2CO3][HCO3-][H+], the equation for the reaction that is the sum of two reactions CO32−(aq) + 2H+(aq)⇄H2CO3(aq) and the equilibrium expression is K3=[H2CO3][CO32−][H+]2.
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Rank the labeled protons (Ha-Hd) in order of increasing acidity, starting with the least acidic.
НОН НЬ
OHd
Онс
Can the target compound at right be efficiently synthesized in good yield from the unsubstituted benzene at left?
?
starting
material
target
If so, draw a synthesis below. If no synthesis using reagents ALEKS recognizes is possible, check the box under the drawing area.
Be sure you follow the standard ALEKS rules for submitting syntheses.
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Note for advanced students: you may assume that you are using a large excess of benzene as your starting material.
C
:0
T
Add/Remove step
G
The following equations represent the formation of compound MX. What is the AH for the
electron affinity of X (g)?
X₂ (g) → 2X (g)
M (s) → M (g)
M (g)
M (g) + e-
AH = 60 kJ/mol
AH = 22 kJ/mol
X (g) + e-X (g)
M* (g) +X (g) → MX (s)
AH = 118 kJ/mol
AH = ?
AH = -190 kJ/mol
AH = -100 kJ/mol
a)
-80 kJ
b)
-30 kJ
c)
-20 kJ
d)
20 kJ
e)
156 kJ
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