Introduction: Translation adjustment is the method used to convert the local currency into the parents’ functional currency when the local currency is the foreign entity’s functional currency. The current rate is used to translate the financial statements that are the exchange rate on the
The excess amount paid while acquiring foreign affiliate reported in consolidated balance sheet and income statement in subsequent periods when functional currency is the local currency unit of the foreign affiliate.
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- Question What causes balance sheet (or translation) exposure to foreign exchange risk? How does balance sheet exposure compare with transaction exposure? In translating a foreign subsidiary's financial statements, what exchange rate should be used for the subsidiary's revenues and expenses? How can a parent corporation determine the functional currency for a foreign subsidiary that conducts business in more than one country? What concept underlies the temporal method of translation? What concept underlies the current rate method of translation? How does balance sheet exposure differ under these two methods? What are the major procedural differences in applying the current rate and temporal methods of translation?arrow_forwardAssume that a U.S. company has a foreign subsidiary whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar. Explain how exchange rates between the foreign currency and the dollar would have to change in order to result in a current-year remeasurement loss and how the company could use a foreign currency loan receivable or payable to hedge against its net investment in the foreign subsidiary.arrow_forwardAccounts are listed below for a foreign subsidiary that maintains its books in its local currency. The equity interest in the subsidiary was acquired in a purchase transaction. In the space provided, indicate the exchange rate that would be used to translate the accounts into dollars assuming that the functional currency was identified (a) as the U.S. dollar and (b) as the foreign entity’s local currency. Exchange Rate if theFunctional Currency Is: Account U.S. Dollar Local Currency Cash Accounts receivable Inventory carried at cost Inventory carried at market Prepaid rent Property, plant, and equipment Goodwill Accounts payable Bonds payable Unamortized premium on bonds payable Preferred stock carried at issuance price Common stock Sales…arrow_forward
- Which is the most simple way that is able to protect a U.S firm's earnings of its consolidated income statement in the depreciation of euro relative to U.S. dollar? A. Selling euros forward in the foreign exchange market. B. Partner with the local firm of the oversea market. C. Purchasing euros forward in the foreign exchange market. D. Establish a subsidiary in the oversea economy.arrow_forwardA subsidiary’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The exchange rate used to convert depreciation expense for a building on the subsidiary’s financial statements from its local currency unit to the U.S. dollar is the: Select one: a. Current rate b. Historical rate c. Average historical rate d. Weighted average ratearrow_forwardClarke Company has a subsidiary operating in a foreign country. In relation to this subsidiary, what does the term functional currency mean? How is the functional currency determined?arrow_forward
- Assume that a U.S. company has a French subsidiary whose functional currency is the euro. Explain why the translation adjustment is not included as a component of net income on the consolidated income statement.arrow_forwardHow to translate a foreign subsidiary’s financial statements into its parent’s reporting currency using the current rate method and calculate the related translation adjustment?arrow_forwardWhich translation method results in a set of financial statements as if the foreign subsidiary’s transactions were carried out in US dollars? Current rate method Temporal methodarrow_forward
- Which of the following suggests that the foreign entity's functional currency is the parent's currency? a. Intercompany transaction volume is low. b. Debt is serviced through local operations. c. There is an active and primarily local market. d. Sale prices are influenced by international factors.arrow_forwardIn presenting foreign currency denominated transactions to the functional currency of the entity, which of the following statements is correct? a. When nonmonetary items are translated from foreign currency to functional currency in the financial statements, foreign currency gain of loss will be recognized. b. Monetary items shall be initially recognized and measured at the exchange rate prevailing at the end of the reporting period. c. Foreign currency gain or loss arising from translation of the foreign currency denominated items to functional currency shall be presented in other comprehensive income with reclassification adjustment to profit or loss if realized. d. Foreign currency denominated income statement accounts shall be translated using the exchange rate at the date of transaction.arrow_forwardnee 1. If the foreign subsidiary of a US Corporation uses the currency of the region as its functional currency, which of the following methods would they use and where would gains and losses be reported? A. Remeasurement, Temporal method. Income statement. B. Translation, Current Rate method. Comprehensive income. C. Remeasurement, Temporal method. Comprehensive income. D. Translation, Current Rate method. Income statement 2. If the foreign subsidiary of a US Corp uses US currency as its functional currency, which of the following methods would they use? Where would gains and losses be presented? A. Translation, Current Rate method. Comprehensive Income B. Translation, Current Rate method. Income statement C. Remeasurement, Temporal method. Comprehensive income. D. Remeasurement, Temporal Method. Income Statementarrow_forward
- Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis...FinanceISBN:9781285190907Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark BradshawPublisher:Cengage Learning