Chapter 12, Problem 12.147P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solvent that has stronger interactions with the polymer is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Intermolecular forces operate between the molecules so changes with change in the phase and effects with physical properties of the substance. In intermolecular forces, the bond is formed between two molecules with partial charges that are present relatively far away from each other.

Viscosity is the quantity that determines the resistance of the liquid to flow. Both liquids and gases can flow but gases have high viscosity than liquids. Viscosity is directly related to the intermolecular forces and therefore increases with increase in the intermolecular forces.

The formula to calculate the intrinsic viscosity is as follows:

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}=\left(K\right)\left(M^a\right)$ (1)

Here,

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}$ is the intrinsic viscosity of a solvent.

$K$ and $a$ are constants specific to the polymer and solvent.

$M$ is the molar mass of the polymer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

The intrinsic viscosity of benzene is to be calculated. Also, the use of intrinsic viscosity in a given solvent to determine the molar mass of any sample of that polymer is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Intermolecular forces operate between the molecules so changes with change in the phase and effects with physical properties of the substance. In intermolecular forces, the bond is formed between two molecules with partial charges that are present relatively far away from each other.

Viscosity is the quantity that determines the resistance of the liquid to flow. Both liquids and gases can flow but gases have high viscosity than liquids. Viscosity is directly related to the intermolecular forces and therefore increases with increase in the intermolecular forces.

The formula to calculate the intrinsic viscosity is as follows:

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}=\left(K\right)\left(M^a\right)$ (1)

Here,

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}$ is the intrinsic viscosity of a solvent.

$K$ and $a$ are constants specific to the polymer and solvent.

$M$ is the molar mass of the polymer.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

The intrinsic viscosity values of a polyisobutylene sample and polystyrene sample are to be compared. Also, the solvent-polymer interactions of both the samples are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Viscosity is the quantity that determines the resistance of the liquid to flow. Both liquids and gases can flow but gases have high viscosity than liquids. Viscosity is directly related to the intermolecular forces and therefore increases with increase in the intermolecular forces.

The formula to calculate the intrinsic viscosity is as follows:

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}=\left(K\right)\left(M^a\right)$ (1)

Here,

${\left[\text{η}\right]}_{\text{sovent}}$ is the intrinsic viscosity of a solvent.

$K$ and $a$ are constants specific to the polymer and solvent.

$M$ is the molar mass of the polymer.