Chapter 12, Problem 104AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is ${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{Se}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of sodium with $\text{Z}=\text{11}$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^1$.

The electron configuration of $\text{Se}$ with $\text{Z}=34$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^4$.

Sodium loses $1$ electron to form ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of neon.

Selenium gains $2$ electron to form ${\text{Se}}^{2-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of krypton.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Na}\to {\text{Na}}^{+}+{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{Se}+2{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{Se}}^{2-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt ${\text{Na}}_{\text{2}}\text{Se}$ is formed.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is $\text{RbF}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of rubidium with $\text{Z}=\text{37}$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^{6}5{\text{s}}^1$.

The electron configuration of fluorine with $\text{Z}=9$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^4$.

Rubidium loses $1$ electrons to form ${\text{Rb}}^{+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of krypton.

Fluorine gains $1$ electron to form ${\text{F}}^{-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of neon.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Rb}\to {\text{Rb}}^{+}+{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{F}+{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{F}}^{-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt $\text{RbF}$ is formed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{Te}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of potassium with $\text{Z}=\text{19}$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{s}}^1$.

The electron configuration of tellurium with $\text{Z}=52$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{d}}^{10}5{\text{s}}^{2}5{\text{p}}^4$.

Potassium loses $1$ electron to form ${\text{K}}^{+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of argon.

Tellurium gains $2$ electrons to form ${\text{Te}}^{2-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of xenon.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{K}\to {\text{K}}^{+}+{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{Te}+2{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{Te}}^{2-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{Te}$ is formed.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is $\text{BaSe}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of barium with $\text{Z}=\text{56}$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^2 2{\text{p}}^6 3{\text{s}}^2 3{\text{p}}^6 3{\text{d}}^{10} 4{\text{s}}^2 4{\text{p}}^6 4{\text{d}}^{10} 5{\text{s}}^2 5{\text{p}}^6 6{\text{s}}^2$.

The electron configuration of ${\text{Se}}^{2-}$ with $\text{Z}=34$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^4$.

Barium loses $2$ electrons to form ${\text{Ba}}^{2+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of xenon.

Selenium gains $2$ electron to form ${\text{Se}}^{2-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of krypton.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Ba}\to {\text{Ba}}^{2+}+2{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{Se}+2{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{Se}}^{2-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt $\text{BaSe}$ is formed.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is $\text{KAt}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of potassium with $\text{Z}=\text{19}$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{s}}^1$.

The electron configuration of astatine with $\text{Z}=85$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{d}}^{10}5{\text{s}}^{2}5{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{f}}^{14}5{\text{d}}^{10}6{\text{s}}^{2}6{\text{p}}^5$.

Potassium loses $1$ electron to form ${\text{K}}^{+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of argon.

Astatine gains $1$ electrons to form ${\text{At}}^{-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of radon.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{K}\to {\text{K}}^{+}+{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{At}+{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{At}}^{-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt $\text{KAt}$ is formed.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electron configuration. The description of every electron that is moving freely in an orbital is given by the electron configuration of that atom.

Atoms lose or gain electrons to become stable by attaining nearest noble gas configuration. While doing so, they are converted to their respective ions. The positive ion and the negative ion combine to form their corresponding salt.

Answer to Problem 104AP

The simple binary ionic compound formed when the pair of element reacts with each other is $\text{FrCl}$.

Explanation of Solution

The electron configuration of francium with $\text{Z}=87$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{d}}^{10}4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{d}}^{10}5{\text{s}}^{2}5{\text{p}}^{6}4{\text{f}}^{14}5{\text{d}}^{10}6{\text{s}}^{2}6{\text{p}}^{6}7{\text{s}}^1$.

The electron configuration of chlorine with $\text{Z}=17$ is $1{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{s}}^{2}2{\text{p}}^{6}3{\text{s}}^{2}3{\text{p}}^5$.

Francium loses $1$ electron to form ${\text{Fr}}^{+}$ and attains noble gas configuration of radon.

Chlorine gains $1$ electrons to form ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ and attains noble gas configuration of argon.

The formation of salt is given below as:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Fr}\to {\text{Fr}}^{+}+{\text{e}}^{-}\\ \text{Cl}+{\text{e}}^{-}\to {\text{Cl}}^{-}\end{array}$

After the formation of the ions, the interchange of the valency of the ions takes place and salt $\text{FrCl}$ is formed.