
Concept explainers
To review:
The G-proteins and second messengers.
Introduction:
The neural and glial cells comprise certain proteins on the membrane thatareresponsible for binding with specific neurotransmitters. These proteins are known as neurotransmitter receptors. Two types of neurotransmitter receptors are found in the body. They are ionotropic receptors and metabotropic receptors.
Metabotropic neurotransmitter receptors are mainly responsible for activating an intercellular enzyme called G-protein. The activated G-protein then generates an enzyme cascade reaction, which, in the end, forms a compound called the second messenger. The second messenger then regulates the movement of the ligand-gated ion channels of the plasma membrane.

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Chapter 11 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology, Books a la Carte Edition (2nd Edition)
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- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. a) Which has a higher potency? b) Which is has a higher efficacy? c) What is the approximate Kd of capsaicin in uM? (you can round to the nearest power of 10)arrow_forwardWhat is the rate-limiting-step for serotonin synthesis?arrow_forwardWhat enzyme is necessary for synthesis of all of the monoamines?arrow_forward
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