
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421353
Author: Karen C. Timberlake
Publisher: PEARSON
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21.38 Arrange the molecules in each set in order of increasing acidity (from least acidic to
most acidic).
OH
OH
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NH2
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21.39 Explain the trends in the acidity of phenol and the monofluoro derivatives of phenol.
OH
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PK 8.81
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The Concept of Aromaticity
21.15 State the number of 2p orbital electrons in each molecule or ion.
(a)
(b)
(e)
(f)
(c)
(d)
(h)
(i)
DA
(k)
21.16 Which of the molecules and ions given in Problem 21.15 are aromatic according to the
Hückel criteria? Which, if planar, would be antiaromatic?
21.17 Which of the following structures are considered aromatic according to the Hückel
criteria?
---0-0
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(h)
H
-H
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21.18 Which of the molecules and ions from Problem 21.17 have electrons donated by a
heteroatom?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - Identify each of the following as a formula of an...Ch. 11.1 - Identify each of the following as a formula of an...Ch. 11.1 - Identify each of the following properties as more...Ch. 11.1 - Identify each of the following properties as more...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 11.5PPCh. 11.1 - Prob. 11.6PPCh. 11.2 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following...Ch. 11.2 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following...Ch. 11.2 - Draw the condensed structural formula for alkanes...Ch. 11.2 - Draw the condensed structural formula for alkanes...
Ch. 11.3 - Indicate whether each of the following pairs...Ch. 11.3 - Indicate whether each of the following pairs...Ch. 11.3 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following a....Ch. 11.3 - Give the TUPAC name for each of the following: a....Ch. 11.3 - Draw the condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 11.3 - Draw the condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 11.3 - Draw the line-angle formula for each of the...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.18PPCh. 11.4 - Heptane, used as a solvent for rubber cement, has...Ch. 11.4 - Nonane has a density of 0.79 g/mL and boils at 151...Ch. 11.4 - Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11.4 - Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11.5 - Identify the following as alkanes, alkenes,...Ch. 11.5 - Identify the following as alkanes, alkenes,...Ch. 11.5 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: a....Ch. 11.5 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: a....Ch. 11.5 - Draw the condensed structural formula, or...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.28PPCh. 11.6 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following,...Ch. 11.6 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following,...Ch. 11.6 - Draw the condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 11.32PPCh. 11.7 - Draw the structural formula for the product in...Ch. 11.7 - Draw the structural formula for the product in...Ch. 11.8 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: a....Ch. 11.8 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: a....Ch. 11.8 - Draw the line-angle formula for each of the...Ch. 11.8 - Draw the line-angle formula for each of the...Ch. 11.8 - Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11.8 - Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.41UTCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.42UTCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.43UTCCh. 11 - Prob. 11.44UTCCh. 11 - Convert each of the following line-angle formulas...Ch. 11 - Convert each of the following line-angle formulas...Ch. 11 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:...Ch. 11 - Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:...Ch. 11 - Give the IUPAC name (including cis or trans, if...Ch. 11 - Give the LUPAC name (including cis or trans, if...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.51APPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.52APPCh. 11 - Name each of the following aromatic compounds:...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.54APPCh. 11 - Draw the condensed structural or line-angle...Ch. 11 - Draw the condensed structural or line-angle...Ch. 11 - Draw the cis and trans isomers for each of the...Ch. 11 - Draw the cis and trans isomers for each of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.59APPCh. 11 - Draw the line-angle formula for each of the...Ch. 11 - Write a balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11 - Write a balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 11 - Give the name for the product from the...Ch. 11 - Give the name for the product from the...Ch. 11 - Draw the condensed structural or line-angle...Ch. 11 - Draw the condensed structural or line-angle...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.67CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.68CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.69CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.70CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.71CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.72CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.73CPCh. 11 - Margarines are produced from the hydrogenation of...
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- 1. Show the steps necessary to make 2-methyl-4-nonene using a Wittig reaction. Start with triphenylphosphine and an alkyl halide. After that you may use any other organic or inorganic reagents. 2. Write in the product of this reaction: CH3 CH₂ (C6H5)₂CuLi H₂O+arrow_forward3. Name this compound properly, including stereochemistry. H₂C H3C CH3 OH 4. Show the step(s) necessary to transform the compound on the left into the acid on the right. Bri CH2 5. Write in the product of this LiAlH4 Br H₂C OHarrow_forwardWhat are the major products of the following reaction? Please provide a detailed explanation and a drawing to show how the reaction proceeds.arrow_forward
- What are the major products of the following enolate alkylation reaction? Please include a detailed explanation as well as a drawing as to how the reaction proceeds.arrow_forwardA block of zinc has an initial temperature of 94.2 degrees celcius and is immererd in 105 g of water at 21.90 degrees celcius. At thermal equilibrium, the final temperature is 25.20 degrees celcius. What is the mass of the zinc block? Cs(Zn) = 0.390 J/gxdegrees celcius Cs(H2O) = 4.18 J/gx degrees celcusarrow_forwardPotential Energy (kJ) 1. Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction. AH = -950 kJ AH = 575 kJ (i) Cl₂ (g) + Pt (s) 2C1 (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ (ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) → CICO (g) + Pt (s) (iii) Cl (g) + CICO (g) → Cl₂CO (g) Ea = 2240 kJ Ea = 2350 kJ AH = -825 kJ 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity. The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ 800 600 400 200 0 -200- -400 -600- -800- Reaction Progressarrow_forward
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- 5. Write the formation reaction of the following complex compounds from the following reactants: 6. AgNO₃ + K₂CrO₂ + NH₄OH → 7. HgNO₃ + excess KI → 8. Al(NO₃)₃ + excess NaOH →arrow_forwardIndicate whether the product formed in the reaction exhibits tautomerism. If so, draw the structure of the tautomers. CO₂C2H5 + CH3-NH-NH,arrow_forwardDraw the major product of this reaction N-(cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-1-(pyrrolidino) reacts with CH2=CHCHO, heat, H3O+arrow_forward
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