Chapter 11.3, Problem 11.4BFP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bond orders for ${\text{F}}_2^{2-}$, ${\text{F}}_2^{-}$, ${\text{F}}_2$, ${\text{F}}_2^{+}$, ${\text{F}}_2^{2+}$ are to be determined. Also, the species are to be arranged in the order of the increasing bond energy and increasing bond length.

Concept introduction:

A molecular orbital diagram is a tool that is used to describe the chemical bonding formed between different molecules. It is used to predict the bond strength and the electronic transitions that a molecule can undergo.

The formula to calculate the bond order of any species is as follows:

  $\text{Bond}\text{order}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{number}\text{of}\text{electrons}\text{in}\text{bonding}\text{orbitals}-\\ \text{number}\text{of}\text{electrons}\text{in}\text{antibonding}\text{orbitals}\end{array}\right)$        (1)