Chapter 11, Problem 67QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, based on its location on the periodic table, is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electronic configuration. The description of every electron in an orbital is given by the electronic configuration of that atom.

The electrons that are present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons. The outermost shell of an atom is known as valence shell. The valence electrons are more loosely held than the electrons which are closer to the nucleus.

Answer to Problem 67QAP

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, rubidium, is $5{\text{s}}^1$.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electronic configuration of rubidium is underlined in the actual configuration of rubidium which is shown as,

$\left[\text{Kr}\right]\underset{\_}{5{\text{s}}^1}$

The valence shell electronic configuration of rubidium that has atomic number equal to $\text{Z}=37$ is $5{\text{s}}^1$. Hence, it is clear that rubidium contains one electron as the valence electron in its outermost shell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, based on its location on the periodic table, is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electronic configuration. The description of every electron in an orbital is given by the electronic configuration of that atom.

The electrons that are present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons. The outermost shell of an atom is known as valence shell. The valence electrons are more loosely held than the electrons which are closer to the nucleus.

Answer to Problem 67QAP

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, barium, is $6{\text{s}}^2$.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electronic configuration of barium is underlined in the actual configuration of barium which is shown as,

$\left[\text{Xe}\right]\underset{\_}{6{\text{s}}^2}$

The valence shell electronic configuration of barium that has atomic number equal to $\text{Z}=56$ is $6{\text{s}}^2$. Hence, it is clear that barium contains two electrons as the valence electrons in its outermost shell.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, based on its location on the periodic table, is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electronic configuration. The description of every electron in an orbital is given by the electronic configuration of that atom.

The electrons that are present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons. The outermost shell of an atom is known as valence shell. The valence electrons are more loosely held than the electrons which are closer to the nucleus.

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, titanium, is $3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2$.

The valence shell electronic configuration of titanium is underlined in the actual configuration of titanium which is shown as,

$\left[\text{Ar}\right]\underset{\_}{3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2}$

The valence shell electronic configuration of titanium that has atomic number equals to $\text{Z}=22$ is $3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2$. Hence, it is clear that titanium contains four electrons as the valence electrons in its outermost shell.

Answer to Problem 67QAP

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, titanium, is $3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2$.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electronic configuration of titanium is underlined in the actual configuration of titanium which is shown as,

$\left[\text{Ar}\right]\underset{\_}{3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2}$

The valence shell electronic configuration of titanium that has atomic number equals to $\text{Z}=22$ is $3{\text{d}}^{2}4{\text{s}}^2$. Hence, it is clear that titanium contains four electrons as the valence electrons in its outermost shell.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, based on its location on the periodic table, is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The distribution of the electrons that exists in the atomic orbital of an atom is collectively known as electronic configuration. The description of every electron in an orbital is given by the electronic configuration of that atom.

The electrons that are present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons. The outermost shell of an atom is known as valence shell. The valence electrons are more loosely held than the electrons which are closer to the nucleus.

Answer to Problem 67QAP

The valence shell electronic configuration of the given element, germanium, is $4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^2$.

Explanation of Solution

The valence shell electronic configuration of germanium is underlined in the actual configuration of germanium which is shown as,

$\left[\text{Ar}\right]3{\text{d}}^{10}\underset{\_}{4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^2}$

The valence shell electronic configuration of germanium that has atomic number equals to $\text{Z}=32$ is $4{\text{s}}^{2}4{\text{p}}^2$. Hence, it is clear that germanium contains four electrons as the valence electrons in its outermost shell.