Chapter 11, Problem 49E

a.

Program Plan Intro

Path:

To represent the path of the file, first identify the type of the environment in the operating system.

• The path is a string or a sequence of characters separated by a forward or backward slash that contains the specified location of file.
• The path can be represented in two ways,
  • Absolute path:
    • It specifies the path of the file step by step, from the root of the directory.
    • The path of the file starts from the root directory.
    • Absolute path names can be represented with a forward slash (/) or backward slash (\) based upon the type of operating system.
  • Relative path:
    • It specifies the name from the current working directory.
    • Relative path names can be represented with two dots (..) preceded by the forward (/) or backward slash (\)based upon the type of operating system.

The following diagram represents the directory tree structure on windows environment.

• Relative path of the file is represented by separating the directories, subdirectories and files by a backward slash (/) in windows environment.
• The relative path name starts from the current working directory.
• Note that here -
  • The current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System

Explanation of Solution

Relative path for QTImage.qtx file:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as:
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “WINDOWS”, the subdirectory “System” is located.
• Up to this path C:\WINDOWS\System, it acts as the current working directory.
  • Under the “System” subdirectory, the nested sub directory “QuickTime” is located.
  • Under the “QuickTime” directory, the image file “QTImage.qtx” is located.
• Therefore, the file “QTImage.qtx” is located in the current working directory and there is no need to use dots to represent the path of the file.

Hence, the relative path of the file is “QuickTime\QTImage.qtx”.

Explanation of Solution

b.

Relative path for calc.exe file:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as:
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “WINDOWS”, the executable file “calc.exe” is located.
• Since the current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System, but the file “calc.exe” is located above one level from the current working directory.
  • Hence, use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the relative path of the file.

Hence, the relative path of the file is “..\calc.exe”.

Explanation of Solution

c.

Relative path for letters directory:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as:
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “My Documents”, the directory “letters” is located.
• Here the current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System, but the directory “letters” is located under the “My Documents”.
  • It needs to go back to the root directory because the current working directory and parent directory of “letters” are under the root directory “C:\”
  • The root directory “C:\” is above two levels from the current working directory.
    • Hence, use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the parent directory “WINDOWS”.
    • Use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the root directory “C:\”.

Hence, the relative path of the directory is “..\..\My Documents\letters”.

Explanation of Solution

d.

Relative path for proj3.java file:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as -
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “My Documents”, the sub directory “csc101” is located.
• Under the sub directory “csc101”, the program source file “proj3.java” is located.
• Here the current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System, but the file “proj3.java” is located under the directory “csc101” which is under “My Documents”.
  • It needs to go back to the root directory because the current working directory and parent directory of “proj3.java” are under the root directory “C:\”.
  • The root directory “C:\” is above two levels from the current working directory.
    • Hence, use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the parent directory “WINDOWS”.
    • Use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the root directory “C:\”.

Hence, the relative path of the file is “..\..\My Documents\csc101\proj3.java”.

Explanation of Solution

e.

Relative path for adobep4.hlp file:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as:
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “WINDOWS”, the subdirectory “System” is located.
• Up to this path C:\WINDOWS\System, it acts as the current working directory.
  • Under the “System” subdirectory, the file “adobep4.hlp” is located.
• Therefore, the file “adobep4.hlp” is located in the current working directory and there is no need to use dots to represent the path of the file.

Hence, the relative path of the file is “adobep4.hlp”.

Explanation of Solution

f.

Relative path for WinWord.exe file:

From the above directory structure,

• To specify a relative path, the directories must be separated by the backward slash (\) on windows environment and it starts from the current working directory.
• Here, the root directory starts with the C drive (C:\).
• Under the root directory “C:\”, there are three parent directories such as:
  • WINDOWS
  • My Documents
  • Program Files
• Under the parent directory “Program Files”, the sub directory “MS Office” is located.
• Under the sub directory “MS Office”, the executable file “WinWord.exe” is located.
• Here the current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System, but the file “WinWord.exe” is located under the “MS Office” which is under the parent directory “Program Files”.
  • It needs to go back to the root directory because the current working directory and parent directory of “WinWord.exe” are under the root directory “C:\”.
  • The root directory “C:\” is above two levels from the current working directory.
    • Hence, use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the parent directory “WINDOWS”.
    • Use two dots (..) followed by the backward slash to represent the root directory “C:\”.

Hence, the relative path of the file is “..\..\Program Files\MS Office|Winword.exe”.