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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The approximate vapor pressure curve of ethanol at
Concept Introduction: Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
If intermolecular force is small the vapor pressure of the substance is high and the boiling point will be low.
(b)
Interpretation: It has to be identified whether
Concept Introduction:
Intermolecular force: The attractive force that withholds two molecules is called as intermolecular force. The influence of intermolecular forces depends on molar mass and the
Dipole-Dipole Interactions: The attractive force that holds two polar molecules with help of dipole moment present in them is called as Dipole-Dipole Interactions.
The partial positive charge end of one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge of a neighboring molecule.
Induced Dipole - Induced Dipole Forces: The attractive force that holds two nonpolar molecules with help of temporary dipole moment present in them is called as induced dipole-induced dipole forces.
(c)
Interpretation: The temperature at which heptane have a vapor pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
(d)
Interpretation: The approximate normal boiling points of each of the given substances have to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Boiling point: It is the temperature at which liquid converts to vapor. At boiling point the vapor pressure of liquid and the pressure of the surroundings are equal.
(e)
Interpretation: It has to be identified whether the given substances are liquid, gas or a mixture of liquid and gas at a pressure of
Concept Introduction:
Vapor pressure is nothing but the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form.
When a liquid and vapor are in equilibrium the pressure exerted by the vapor is called the equilibrium vapor pressure.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 Months) Printed Access Card
- Nonearrow_forwardn Feb 3 A T + 4. (2 pts) Draw the structure of the major component of the Limonene isolated. Explain how you confirmed the structure. 5. (2 pts) Draw the fragment corresponding to the base peak in the Mass spectrum of Limonene. 6. (1 pts) Predict the 1H NMR spectral data of R-Limonene. Proton NMR: 5.3 pon multiplet (H Ringarrow_forwardPart VI. Ca H 10 O is the molecular formula of compound Tom and gives the in the table below. Give a possible structure for compound Tom. 13C Signals summarized C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 13C shift (ppm) 23.5 27.0 33.0 35.8 127 162 205 DEPT-90 + DEPT-135 + +arrow_forward
- 2. Using the following data to calculate the value of AvapH o of water at 298K. AvapH o of water at 373K is 40.7 kJ/mol; molar heat capacity of liquid water at constant pressure is 75.2J mol-1 K-1 and molar heat capacity of water vapor at constant pressure is 33.6 J mol-1 K-1.arrow_forwardPart VII. Below are the 'HNMR 13 3 C-NMR, COSY 2D- NMR, and HSQC 20-NMR (Similar with HETCOR but axes are reversed) spectra of an organic compound with molecular formula C6H13 O. Assign chemical shift values to the H and c atoms of the compound. Find the structure. Show complete solutions. Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum ли 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 f1 (ppm)arrow_forward3. Draw the expanded structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal structural formula for 2-pentene. expanded structure: Condensed structure: Skeletal formula: 4. Draw the expanded structural formula, the condensed structural formula, and the skeletal structural formula for 2-methyl-3-heptene. expanded structure: Condensed structure: Skeletal formula: following structurearrow_forward
- Part IV. Propose a plausible Structure w/ the following descriptions: a) A 5-carbon hydrocarbon w/ a single peak in its proton decoupled the DEPT-135 Spectrum shows a negative peak C-NMR spectrum where b) what cyclohexane dione isomer gives the largest no. Of 13C NMR signals? c) C5H120 (5-carbon alcohol) w/ most deshielded carbon absent in any of its DEPT Spectivaarrow_forward13C NMR is good for: a) determining the molecular weight of the compound b) identifying certain functional groups. c) determining the carbon skeleton, for example methyl vs ethyl vs propyl groups d) determining how many different kinds of carbon are in the moleculearrow_forward6 D 2. (1 pt) Limonene can be isolated by performing steam distillation of orange peel. Could you have performed this experiment using hexane instead of water? Explain. 3. (2 pts) Using GCMS results, analyze and discuss the purity of the Limonene obtained from the steam distillation of orange peel.arrow_forward
- Part III. Arrange the following carbons (in blue) in order of increasing chemical shift. HO B NH 2 A CIarrow_forward6. Choose the compound that will produce the spectrum below and assign the signals as carbonyl, aryl, or alkyl. 100 ō (ppm) 50 0 7. 200 150 Assign all of the protons on the spectrum below. 8. A B 4 E C 3 ō (ppm) 2 1 0 Choose the compound that will produce the spectrum below and assign the signals to the corresponding protons. OH 6 OH 3 2 1 0 4 ō (ppm)arrow_forwardIn the Thermo Fisher application note about wine analysis (Lesson 3), the following chromatogram was collected of nine components of wine. If peak 3 has a retention time of 3.15 minutes and a peak width of 0.070 minutes, and peak 4 has a retention time of 3.24 minutes and a peak width of 0.075 minutes, what is the resolution factor between the two peaks? [Hint: it will help to review Lesson 2 for this question.] MAU 300 200 T 34 5 100- 1 2 CO 6 7 8 9 0 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 Minutes 3.22 0.62 1.04 O 1.24arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
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