Chapter 11, Problem 16PS

Refer to Figure 11.12 to answer these questions:

1. (a) You heat some water to 60 °C in a lightweight plastic bottle and seal the top very tightly so gas cannot enter or leave the carton. What happens when the water cools?
2. (b) If you put a few drops of liquid diethyl ether on your hand, does it evaporate completely or remain a liquid?

Figure 11.12 Vapor pressure curves for diethyl ether [(C₂H₃)₂O], ethanol (C₂H₅OH), and water. Each curve represents conditions of T and P of which the two phases, liquid and vapor, are in equilibrium. These compounds exist as liquids for temperatures and pressures to the left of the curve and as gases under conditions to the right of the curve. (See Appendix G for vapor pressures for water of various temperatures.)