a.
Search tree:
Search tree is that tree which consists of the part of the state graph. It is used to solve the eight-puzzle. The start state is the root node of the search tree and children of nodes are those possible states which are reachable from parent node for one production.
Breadth first search:
A breadth first search is an
b.
Explanation of Solution
The state found in the backward search is also a binary tree and the rate of progress of both the search is same.
The total number of nodes considered when the search is conducted can be reduced by conducting two searches at a time as:
- The tree should be binary tree when a search begins from the goal so that the leaf node can be eliminated to reduce the number of nodes form a binary tree when the tree traversal occurs from backward...
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 11 Solutions
EBK COMPUTER SCIENCE: AN OVERVIEW
- When iterating over a hierarchical data structure, such as a tree,Group of answer choices 1. Iterating must be done recursively and it must start at the root, visiting each node once. 2. Iterating must start at the children, and must be done with recursion. 3. Iterating starts at the root but can continue depth first or breadth first, and must be done recursively. 4. Iterating must start at the root and it must traverse nodes exactly once.arrow_forwardPlease show steps clearlyarrow_forwardCreate a binary linked tree, and traverse the tree by using the recursive function. The structure of the tree is as follows: //check pic// You should input the nodes in pre-order sequence. If a child of a node is NULL, input a space. Write the function of create binary tree, pre-order to print the nodes, in-order to print the nodes and post-order to print the nodes. Count the height of the tree. Hints: Header file typedef char ElemType; typedef struct node//define the type of binary tree node { }BTnode; Source file #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "tree.h" BTnode * createTree()//create the binary tree,return the root { BTnode *tnode;// tnode is the root char elem; ;//input the character //if the input is a space,set the pointer as NULL Else// if the input is not a space,generate the binary node and create its left…arrow_forward
- Please answer all questions in detail and with pseudo codes.arrow_forwardQuestion 1arrow_forwardA binary tree with only one node has a height of 1. Questions: 1. At most how many and at least how many nodes can a binary tree of height 2016 have? Justify your answers. 2. Write a function Height(t) that, given a treet, returns its height. 3. Peter wants to check if a binary search treet is an AVL tree. Write a function ISAVL(t) that takes a binary search tree t as input and returns TRUE if the tree is an AVL tree (balanced) and FALSE otherwise.arrow_forward
- A heuristic is a way of trying(a) To discover something or an idea embedded in a program (b) To search and measure how far a node in a search tree seems to be from a goal (c) To compare two nodes in a search tree to see if one is better than the other (d) Only (a), (b) and (c).arrow_forwardA tree that is rooted and has a maximum of two children per node is commonly known as a binary tree. The purpose of this demonstration is to establish that the quantity of nodes present in a binary tree that are accountable for generating two children is precisely one unit less than the quantity of leaves in the same tree.arrow_forwardThe BST remove algorithm traverses the tree from the root to find the node to remove. When the node being removed has 2 children, the node's successor is found and a recursive call is made. One node is visited per level, and in the worst-case scenario, the tree is traversed twice from the root to a leaf. A BST with N nodes has at least log2N levels and at most N levels. Therefore, the runtime complexity of removal is best case O(logN) and worst case O(N). Two pointers are used to traverse the tree during removal. When the node being removed has 2 children, a third pointer and a copy of one node's data are also used, and one recursive call is made. Thus, the space complexity of removal is always O(1)." I have to explain this clearly! and the advantages of the BST algorithimarrow_forward
- Recall that the set of full binary trees is defined as follows:arrow_forwardGiven the following tree, implement DFS(Depth-first Search), IDDFS(iterative Deepening Breath First Search), and BFS(Breadth-First Search) to write out the order in which nodes are visited for each. Each algorithm should be written as a separate function taking in the parameters of the graph (T) and the node being searched for. Please use python and comment your code so I can better understand. Your code should be structured as follows: T={'a':['b','c'],'b':['d','e'],'c':['E','g'],'d':['h','i'1, 'e':['j,'k'],'f':[],'g':['l'],'h':[],'i':['m',in'],'j':[], 'k': [],'1':[],'m':[],'n':[]} def DFS function. def IDDFS function. def BFS function. x=call to DES y=call to IDDFS z=call to BFS print ("DFS:" + x's results) print ("IDDFS:" + y's results) print ("BFS:" + z's results) B mon Narrow_forwardConsider a tree that has a relatively high (between 10 to 30) typical number of children of each node. Under what conditions would a static child pointer array implementation be usable, and under what conditions would it be a better choice? Under what conditions would a dynamic child pointer array implementation be usable, and under what conditions would it be a better choice?arrow_forward
- Database System ConceptsComputer ScienceISBN:9780078022159Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. SudarshanPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationStarting Out with Python (4th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780134444321Author:Tony GaddisPublisher:PEARSONDigital Fundamentals (11th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780132737968Author:Thomas L. FloydPublisher:PEARSON
- C How to Program (8th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780133976892Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey DeitelPublisher:PEARSONDatabase Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337627900Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven MorrisPublisher:Cengage LearningProgrammable Logic ControllersComputer ScienceISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education