
Concept explainers
Your bore cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look different because
- a. different kinds of genes are present in each kind of cell.
- b. they are present in different organs.
- c. different genes are active in each kind of cell.
- d. different mutations have occurred in each kind of cell.

Introduction:
Almost all the cells in an organism are genetically identical. However, different cells are specialized to perform different roles through the differential gene expression process. Gene expression is regulated by turning on and off gene. Gene regulation is largely controlled by the binding of regulatory proteins to specific sites on DNA.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer:
Eukaryotic and multicellular organisms regulate gene expression to maintain different cell types during embryonic development. Therefore, option c. is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct statement:
The gene regulation process facilitates the production of a specific set of protein. This process results in a different type of cells, such as skin cells, muscle cells, and bone cells.
Option c. is given as “different genes are active in each kind of cell”.
In eukaryotic organisms, each cell maintains differential gene expression. As the differential gene expression provides the cells with the expression of different proteins responsible for specific characters, different cell types (muscle, bone, and skin cells) look different.
Hence, option c. is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option a. is given as “different kinds of genes are present in each kind of cell”.
All the cells present in an organism contain identical genetic composition. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option b. is given as “they are present in different organ”.
Different cells enable different functions by organs through the expression of different genes. Organs are not responsible for cell diversity in the body. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option d. is given as “different mutations have occurred in each kind of cells”.
Mutation is responsible for altering the function of a gene present in the cell. However, it cannot be associated with the diversity of cells present in the organism’s whole body. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options a., b., and d. are incorrect.
The bone cell, muscle cells, and skin cells look different due to the regulation of gene expression. Thereby, different kinds of proteins with different structures and functions are produced by each cell type.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
- This question has multiple parts (A, B & C), and under the subject of Nutrition. Thank you!arrow_forwardCalculate the CFU/ml of a urine sample if 138 E. coli colonies were counted on a Nutrient Agar Plate when0.5 mls were plated on the NA plate from a 10-9 dilution tube. You must highlight and express your answerin scientific notatioarrow_forwardDon't copy off the other answer if there is anyarrow_forward
- Use the following information to answer the question(s) below. Martin Wikelski and L. Michael Romero (Body size, performance and fitness in Galápagos marine iguanas, Integrative and Comparative Biology 43 [2003]:376-86) measured the snout-to-vent (anus) length of Galápagos marine iguanas and observed the percent survival of different-sized animals, all of the same age. The graph shows the log snout-vent length (SVL, a measure of overall body size) plotted against the percent survival of these different size classes for males and females. Survival (%) 100- 80- 60- 40- 20- 0+ 1.9 T 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Log SVL (mm) 19) Examine the figure above. What type of selection for body size appears to be occurring in these marine iguanas? A) directional selection B) stabilizing selection C) disruptive selection D) You cannot determine the type of selection from the above information. 3arrow_forward24) Use the following information to answer the question below. Researchers studying a small milkweed population note that some plants produce a toxin and other plants do not. They identify the gene responsible for toxin production. The dominant allele (T) codes for an enzyme that makes the toxin, and the recessive allele (t) codes for a nonfunctional enzyme that cannot produce the toxin. Heterozygotes produce an intermediate amount of toxin. The genotypes of all individuals in the population are determined (see table) and used to determine the actual allele frequencies in the population. TT 0.49 Tt 0.42 tt 0.09 Refer to the table above. Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? A) Yes. C) No; there are more homozygotes than expected. B) No; there are more heterozygotes than expected. D) It is impossible to tell.arrow_forward30) A B CDEFG Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following forms a monophyletic group? A) A, B, C, and D B) C and D C) D, E, and F D) E, F, and Garrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College



