Chapter 11, Problem 1P

a.

To determine

Define the normal body temperature, and explain in briefly.

Explanation of Solution

Discussion:

The value of normal temperature of a human body can varies from $97°\text{F}$ to $99°\text{F}$. It can be vary based the person’s age and weather temperature. When the body temperature rises greater than the normal range then it considered as illness. The normal temperature of human body is different in children to adults. It is also varies due to the seasons winter, summer and spring to balance the temperature of the human body.

The normal temperature of human body also changes due the muscle metabolism while doing daily exercises.

The normal temperature of a human body can varies from $97°\text{F}$ to $99°\text{F}$.

b.

To determine

State the temperature range that referred as fever and explain in briefly..

Explanation of Solution

The normal temperature of a human body can varies from $97°\text{F}$ to $99°\text{F}$. The body temperature more than normal temperature is considered as an illness. The temperature range in adults is about $99.7°\text{F}$, for children’s is about $100.6°\text{F}$ of the armpit temperature.

Using the knowledge of the temperature ranges of human body it easy to identify the illness and health condition and also it is easy to provide proper medication for the affected person.

c.

To determine

State the normal surface temperature of a human body and explain briefly.

Explanation of Solution

The normal surface temperature (skin temperature ) of a human body is exists between $97.7\text{°F}$ to $99.\text{5}\text{°F}$. It is not a constant value at all the times; it varies based on human organs efficiency, temperature change in weather, and due to body metabolism.

Generally, in humans pregnant ladies have the high surface temperature due increased blood pressure. Children’s skin temperature is a bit higher than the adults.

d.

To determine

State the comfortable room temperature, and explain significance in terms of human thermal comfort. Explain the role of humidity.

Explanation of Solution

According to the standards of the WHO (worlds health organization) the normal comfortable room temperature is $68\text{°F}\text{to}\text{72}\text{°F}$. The comfortable room temperature oh the human is varies by the age and status of the health.

Generally for healthy adults comfortable room temperature is $64°\text{F}$, if the person has illness they are highly recommended the normal room temperature $61°\text{F}$. In case of the children and the old age persons the normal room temperature is little bit higher than the adults that is $68°\text{F}$.

The water vapor percentage in the air is known as humidity or humidity factor. It is the environmental factor that affects the human thermal comfort

For example, the comfortable room temperature for human body is 40 to 50% of relative humidity and $70°\text{F}$ of average temperature.

Humidity increases the body temperature because of overheat, and increases the moisture in the air. Humidity might cause for the dangerous health issues.

If a person doing some exercise, that person can feel more comfortable in a room that has lower than $70°\text{F}$ of temperature due to the body metabolism can produce the heat over the skin.

e.

To determine

Investigate the value of operating temperature range of the freezer in a household temperature.

Explanation of Solution

The household refrigerator temperature is about or below the $40°\text{F}$ that is equals to $4°\text{C}$. The frozen temperature of the refrigerator is $0°\text{F}$ equals to $-17.9°\text{C}\left(\approx -18°\text{C}\right)$. The frozen temperature is the safe temperature level to store the frozen food.

The frozen food is that which requires keep storing in cool place under frozen temperatures from its prepared time to eaten.

Thus, the temperature of the freezer of a household refrigerator is $-18\text{°C}\left(\text{0}\text{°F}\right)$.