Finite Mathematics & Its Applications (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134437767
Author: Larry J. Goldstein, David I. Schneider, Martha J. Siegel, Steven Hair
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 1FCCE
What is a logical statement?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
The definition of a logical statement.
Answer to Problem 1FCCE
Solution:
A logical statement is a declarative sentence that is either true or false.
Explanation of Solution
A logical statement is a declarative sentence that is either true or false.
To be a logical statement, the given sentence “The universe is 1 billion years old.” must meet two conditions:
1. It is a declarative sentence.
2. It is TRUE or FALSE.
| Declarative Sentence? | TRUE or FALSE | Conclusion |
| Yes | It is TRUE or FALSE (not sure of which) | Logical Statement |
Hence, the given sentence “The universe is 1 billion years old.” is a logical statement.
The logical statements can be combined using connectives, words like “and” and “or”.
Implications can be stated with the words “if “and “then”.
The logical statements can be negated with the word “not”.
A logical compound statement is formed by combining the statements by use of the words “and”, “or”, “not”, or “if, then”.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
5.
Let a probability measure P on ([0,3], B([0,3])) be given by
1
dP(s):
=
½ s² ds.
9
Consider a random variable X : [0,3]
→ R given by
X(s) = s², sc [0,3].
S
Total marks 7
Find the distribution of X.
[7 Marks]
Refer to page 24 for solving a differential equation using Laplace transforms.
Instructions:
Take the Laplace transform of the given equation, applying initial conditions appropriately.
⚫ Solve the resulting algebraic equation and find the inverse transform.
Provide step-by-step solutions with intermediate results and final verification.
Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Refer to page 30 for deriving the Euler-Lagrange equation for an optimal control problem.
Instructions:
•
Use the calculus of variations to derive the Euler-Lagrange equation.
Clearly define the functional being minimized or maximized.
Provide step-by-step derivations, including all necessary boundary conditions. Avoid skipping
critical explanations.
Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Chapter 11 Solutions
Finite Mathematics & Its Applications (12th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - Determine which of the following sentences are...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.1 - In Exercises 1–15, determine which sentences are...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 11.1 - In Exercises 115, determine which sentences are...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 8E
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.1 - In Exercises 115, determine which sentences are...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.1 - In Exercises 16 and 17, give the simple statements...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 11.1 - In Exercises 18 and 19, give the simple statements...Ch. 11.1 - In Exercises 18 and 19, give the simple statements...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.1 - The Smithsonian Museum of Natural History has...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 11.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 11.1 - Let p denote the statement Paris is called the...Ch. 11.1 - Let p denote the statement Ozone is opaque to...Ch. 11.1 - 26. Let p denote the statement “Papyrus is the...Ch. 11.1 - 27. Let a denote the statement “Florida borders...Ch. 11.2 - Construct the truth table for (p~r)q.Ch. 11.2 - Construct the truth table for p~q.Ch. 11.2 - 3. Let p denote “May follows April,” and let q...Ch. 11.2 - In Exercises 14, show that the expressions are...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 11.2 - In Exercises 1–4, show that the expressions are...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 11.2 - In Exercises 528, construct truth tables for the...Ch. 11.2 - In Exercises 528, construct truth tables for the...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 11.2 - In Exercises 528, construct truth tables for the...Ch. 11.2 - In Exercises 5–28, construct truth tables for the...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 11.2 - In Exercises 27–30, determine whether statement...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 11.2 - Let p denote John Lennon was a member of the...Ch. 11.2 - Let m denote the statement The Magna Carta was...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 49ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 50ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 11.3 - 1. Let p denote the statement “A square is a...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 11.3 - Construct a truth table for each of the statement...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 11.3 - In Exercises 2734, write the statement forms in...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 11.3 - In Exercises 27–34, write the statement forms in...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 11.3 - In Exercises 2734, write the statement forms in...Ch. 11.3 - In Exercises 27–34, write the statement forms in...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 11.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.4 - 2. Show that the distributive laws hold:...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 11.4 - 4. Without using truth tables, show that
.
Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 11.4 - 24. Negate the following statements:
(a) Isaac...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 11.4 - Tax Instruction The following statements can be...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 11.5 - Show that the argument is valid. If goldenrod is...Ch. 11.5 - Show by indirect proof that the argument is valid....Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.5 - In Exercises 110, show that the argument is valid....Ch. 11.5 - In Exercises 110, show that the argument is valid....Ch. 11.5 - In Exercises 1–10, show that the argument is...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.5 - In Exercises 110, show that the argument is valid....Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.5 - In Exercises 11–20, test the validity of the...Ch. 11.5 - In Exercises 1120, test the validity of the...Ch. 11.5 - In Exercises 11–20, test the validity of the...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 11.5 - In Exercises 2124, use indirect proof to show that...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 25ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 11.5 - Prob. 27ECh. 11.5 - Show that each of the arguments in Exercises 27...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11.6 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 11.6 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 2ECh. 11.6 - 3. An alert California teacher chided “Dear Abby”...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 11.6 - 5. Let the universe be all university professors....Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 6ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 7ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 8ECh. 11.6 - Let the universe consist of all nonnegative...Ch. 11.6 - Let the universe consist of all real numbers. Let...Ch. 11.6 - 11. Negate each statement by changing existential...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.6 - Consider the universe of all subsets of the set...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 16ECh. 11.6 - Let the universal set be...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 18ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 19ECh. 11.6 - Prob. 20ECh. 11.7 - (a) Simplify the circuit shown in Fig. 9 by using...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 1ECh. 11.7 - 2. Write the logic statement represented by Fig....Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 3ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 4ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 5ECh. 11.7 - Draw the logic circuit that represents each of the...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 7ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 8ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 9ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 10ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 11ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 12ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 13ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 14ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 15ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 16ECh. 11.7 - 17. Design a logic circuit that acts as an xor...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 18ECh. 11.7 - Prob. 19ECh. 11.7 - Switch Design for a Lecture Hall In designing a...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 21ECh. 11.7 - Use the Wolfram |Alpha function Boolean Minimize...Ch. 11 - 1. What is a logical statement?
Ch. 11 - Prob. 2FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 3FCCECh. 11 - What do we mean by logical equivalence? Explain...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 6FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 7FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 8FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 9FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 10FCCECh. 11 - Prob. 11FCCECh. 11 - State De Morgans laws for quantified statements.Ch. 11 - Prob. 1RECh. 11 - Prob. 2RECh. 11 - Prob. 3RECh. 11 - Prob. 4RECh. 11 - Prob. 5RECh. 11 - Prob. 6RECh. 11 - Prob. 7RECh. 11 - Prob. 8RECh. 11 - Prob. 9RECh. 11 - Prob. 10RECh. 11 - Prob. 11RECh. 11 - Prob. 12RECh. 11 - Prob. 13RECh. 11 - Prob. 14RECh. 11 - Prob. 15RECh. 11 - Prob. 16RECh. 11 - Prob. 17RECh. 11 - 18. Show that the argument is valid: If I shop for...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19RECh. 11 - Prob. 20RECh. 11 - 21. Draw the logic circuit corresponding to the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 22RECh. 11 - Prob. 23RECh. 11 - Prob. 24RECh. 11 - 25. Construct a statement equivalent to p XOR q,...Ch. 11 - Denise, Miriam, Sally, Nelson, and Bob are...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, subject and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Refer to page 32 for solving a linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) problem. Instructions: • Formulate the cost functional and state-space representation. • Derive the Riccati equation and solve it step-by-step. Clearly explain how the optimal control law is obtained. Ensure all matrix algebra is shown in detail. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 14 for solving a linear first-order differential equation. Instructions: • Convert the equation into its standard linear form. • Use integrating factors to find the solution. Show all steps explicitly, from finding the factor to integrating and simplifying the solution. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 10 for a problem involving solving an exact differential equation. Instructions: • Verify if the equation is exact by testing әм მყ - ƏN მე If not exact, determine an integrating factor to make it exact. • Solve step-by-step, showing all derivations. Avoid irrelevant explanations. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qo Haz b9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
- Refer to page 10 for a problem involving solving an exact differential equation. Instructions: Verify exactness carefully. ⚫ If the equation is not exact, find an integrating factor to make it exact. Solve step-by-step and ensure no algebraic steps are skipped. Provide detailed explanations for each transformation. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 34 for deriving and applying Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. Instructions: ⚫ Define the Hamiltonian for the given control problem. • • Derive the necessary conditions for optimality step-by-step, including state and co-state equations. Solve the resulting system of equations explicitly, showing all intermediate steps. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 20 for solving a separable differential equation. Instructions: ⚫ Separate the variables explicitly. • Integrate both sides carefully, showing intermediate steps. • Simplify the final result and provide the explicit or implicit solution as required. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
- Refer to page 16 for a problem involving solving a second-order linear homogeneous differential equation. Instructions: • Analyze the characteristic equation and address all possible cases (distinct, repeated, and complex roots). • Show detailed steps for deriving the general solution. • Verify solutions by substitution into the original equation. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardNeed help with question?arrow_forwardNeed help with question?arrow_forward
- Refer to page 15 for a problem involving evaluating a double integral in polar coordinates. Instructions: Convert the given Cartesian integral to polar coordinates. Show all transformations and step-by-step calculations. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 9 for a problem requiring finding the tangent plane to a given surface at a point. Instructions: Use partial derivatives to calculate the equation of the tangent plane. Show all calculations step-by-step. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 8 for a problem involving solving a second-order linear homogeneous differential equation. Instructions: Solve using characteristic equations. Show all intermediate steps leading to the general solution. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elementary Geometry For College Students, 7eGeometryISBN:9781337614085Author:Alexander, Daniel C.; Koeberlein, Geralyn M.Publisher:Cengage,
Elementary Geometry For College Students, 7e
Geometry
ISBN:9781337614085
Author:Alexander, Daniel C.; Koeberlein, Geralyn M.
Publisher:Cengage,
Propositional Logic, Propositional Variables & Compound Propositions; Author: Neso Academy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib5njCwNMdk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Propositional Logic - Discrete math; Author: Charles Edeki - Math Computer Science Programming;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL_8y2v1Guw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
DM-12-Propositional Logic-Basics; Author: GATEBOOK VIDEO LECTURES;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzUBrJLIESU;License: Standard Youtube License
Lecture 1 - Propositional Logic; Author: nptelhrd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlUFkMKSB3Y;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
MFCS unit-1 || Part:1 || JNTU || Well formed formula || propositional calculus || truth tables; Author: Learn with Smily;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XV15Q4mCcHc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY