Chapter 11, Problem 1CTQ

Program Plan Intro

SQL:

• SQL stands for “Structured Query Language”.
• The current version of SQL is “ANSI SQL – 92”.
• SQL is not a programming language. It is text-based and it is also called as data sublanguage.
  • In order to get SQL as a complete programming language, it should be included in scripting languages like Java, C#, and so on.
• It contains constructs which are used to define and process database. They are executed using DBMS-supplied command prompt.
• Some of the DBMS products provide GUI tools in order to perform tasks are as follows:
  • SQL Server
  • Oracle Database
  • MySQL

Data Manipulation Language (DML):

• This is used for manipulation like, querying, inserting, updating, and deleting data.

Table Creation:

Creating table comes under Data Definition Language (DDL).

• The “CREATE” command is employed for establishing databases on our platform by constructing tables in an already existing database.

The Syntax for creating table is as follows:

CREATE TABLE TABLE_NAME (

  Column1 datatype,

  Column2 datatype,

  …

);

Insert values:

Inserting values comes under Data Manipulation Language (DML).

• The INSERT command in SQL is employed to add records to an existing table.

Syntax for inserting values into the table is as follows:

INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME VALUES('DATA 1', 'DATA 2');

Example:

Inserting values into the table “EMP_1”:

INSERT INTO EMP_1 VALUES ('101', 'News', 'John', 'G', ' 2000-11-08', '502');

Explanation:

• The values are inserted in the table using insert command. The values are inserted as per the order given in the table creation. The values of “EMP_NUM”, “EMP_LNAME”, “EMP_FNAME”, “EMP_INITIAL”, “EMP_HIREDATE”, and “JOB_CODE” are inserted into the table.

“SELECT” statement:

It is used to retrieve information from the table or database. The syntax for the “SELECT” statement is given below:

Syntax:

SELECT * FROM table_Name;