Chapter 11, Problem 11.63P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Balanced chemical equation for reaction of ammonia gas with $\text{copper}\left(\text{II}\right)\text{oxide}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The reaction that has equal number of atoms of different elements in reactant as well as in product side is called balanced chemical reaction. The chemical equation is balanced to follow the Law of the conservation of mass.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mass of $\text{Cu}$ produced from the reaction of ammonia gas with $\text{copper}\left(\text{II}\right)\text{oxide}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Mole is S.I. unit. The number of moles is calculated as ratio of mass of compound to molar mass of compound.

Molar mass is sum of the total mass in grams of all atoms that make up mole of particular molecule that is mass of 1 mole of compound. The S.I unit is $\text{g/mol}$.

The expression to relate number of moles, mass and molar mass of compound is as follows:

  $\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{mass of the compound}}{\text{molar mass of the compound}}$

For more than one quantity of reactants in a reaction, the reactant that is completely consumed and controls the amount of product synthesized is called limiting reactant. The other reactants are called excess reactants. Also, the limiting reactant is completely consumed the initial mass of limiting reactant is used to calculate mass of product.

Percent yield is ratio of actual yield by theoretical yield. Actual yield is amount of actual product formed in chemical reaction.

Theoretical yield is amount of product formed from reactant according to stoichiometry in the balanced chemical reaction.

The expression for percent yield is as follows:

  $\text{Percent yield}\left(\%\right)=\left(\frac{\text{actual yield}}{\text{theoreticalyield}}\right)\left(100\right)$