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Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259129919
Author: John D. Anderson Jr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.3P
Under low-speed incompressible flow conditions, the pressure coefficient at a given point on an airfoil is
a. The Prandtl-Glauert rule
b. The Karman-Tsien rule
c. Laitone’s rule
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Students have asked these similar questions
A Pitot tube is inserted into an airflow where the static pressure is 1 atm. Calculate the flow Mach number when the Pitot tube measures (a) 1.276 atm, (b) 2.714 atm, (c) 12.06 atm.
(a) A pitot tube indicates a pressure of 265 kPa in an airstream in which the temperature is 10°C
and the local Mach number is 1.5. Find the static pressure in the airstream.
(b) In another problem, a normal shock wave occurs in air at a point where the stagnation
temperature is 300°C and the velocity is 700 m/s. The stagnation pressure is 700 kPa. Under this
situation do the following:
(i) Draw a diagram and label all flow conditions.
(ii) Evaluate the Mach numbers, static and stagnation pressures, static and stagnation temperatures
before and after the normal shock. Give reasons to justify your answers.
Problem 5. A Boeing 747 cruises at a Mach number of Ma = 0.87 at an altitude of z = 13 km on a standard day. A
window in the cockpit is located where the external flow outside the window is at a Mach number of Ma = 0.2
relative to the plane surface (just outside the boundary layer). The cabin is pressurized to an equivalent altitude of
z = 2.5 km for a standard atmosphere. (a) Estimate the pressure difference across the window and specify the
direction of the net pressure force. (b) Sketch the stagnation pressure, static pressures, and critical pressure on a T-s
diagram.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Fundamentals of Aerodynamics
Ch. 11 - Consider a subsonic compressible flow in cartesian...Ch. 11 - Using the Prandtl-Glauert rule, calculate the lift...Ch. 11 - Under low-speed incompressible flow conditions,...Ch. 11 - In low-speed incompressible flow, the peak...Ch. 11 - For a given airfoil, the critical Mach number is...Ch. 11 - Consider an airfoil in a Mach 0.5 freestream. At a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.7PCh. 11 - Consider the flow over a circular cylinder; the...Ch. 11 - In Problem 11.8, the critical Mach number for a...
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- 5. At 30000ft, estimate the magnitude of transonic drag rise. Using this estimate, calculate the maximum velocity of the airplane at this altitude. Assume drag-divergence Mach number of 0.82 and d(D/D₁)/dM = 14.3 where D₁=1750lb is drag at Mach number 0.9 and D₂ = 4250lb at Mach number 1. 6 Estimate maximum range at 30000€ Also calculate the flight speed to obtain thisarrow_forward-.2. A perfect gas (y = 1.4) enters a converging-diverging nozzle with a Mach number of 0.50 and local pressure and temperature values of 280 kPa and 280 K, respectively. The nozzle throat area is 6.5 X 10-4 m? and the nozzle exit area is 26 X 10-4 m². The nozzle exit pressure is 170 kPa. (a) What are the values of the Mach number and the stream temperature at the exit? (b) At what area does the shock occur? Show your method of solution on a skeleton flow chart.arrow_forwardQ2: Air (y = 1.4) enters a converging-diverging diffuser with a Mach number of 2.8, static pressure pi of 100 kPa, and a static temperature of 20°C. For the flow situation shown in Figure, find the exit velocity, exit static pressure, and exit stagnation pressure. Ans: Ve = 55.093 m/s; Pe = 2236.678 kPa; Poe = 2252.44 kPa i M₁ = 2.8 A₁ = 0.10 m² A₂ = 0.50 m² A₁ = 0.25 m²arrow_forward
- For a converging-diverging nozzle that is choked what is the ratio of nozzle area divided by the throat area for a Mach number of 2.1? (Assume isentropic flow for an ideal gas and k = 1.4.) Enter your answer to the fourth decimal place.arrow_forwardQ6: Air following through constant area duct encounters stationary shock as shown in figure. Find the Mach number, temperature, pressure, stagnation pressure, stagnation temperature and velocity after the shock. Ans.: M2 = 0.6746, T2 = 344 K, p2 = 137 kPa, To = 375 K, po = 186 kPa. V1=500 m/s P;=50 kPa 1-250 K → (1) | (2)arrow_forwardMA The Mach number at the maximum velocity point on the upper surface of an airfoil is 0.6 for the freestream conditions of M = 0.5. Calculate the Mach MA = 0.6 number at the same point for the freestream conditions of M = 0.7. Use the convenient similarity rule. М,- 0.7 M= 0.5arrow_forward
- Assume that a supersonic converging-diverging nozzle operating isentropically delivers air to a receiver with pressure of 1175 kPa. The entrance conditions are 1500 kPa abs, 327 °C, and near-zero Mach number. Use the isentropic table only. (a) What is the exit Mach number? Mention the operation mode. (b) What is the exit temperature? (c) Determine the area ratio A/A2, A3, and the mass flow rate if D-100 mm. (d) If the entire diverging portion of the nozzle were suddenly detached, what would the Mach number and rh /A be at the new outlet? Pt Preceiver Trarrow_forwardQ11: Air enters the converging section shown in Figure and a normal shock occurs at the exit. The entering Mach number is 2.8 and the area ratio 1.7. Compute the overall static A1/A2 = temperature ratio T3/T1. Ans.: T3/T1 = 2.43 A,|A, = 1.7 M = 2.8arrow_forwardIn the test section of a supersonic wind tunnel, a Pitot tube in the flowreads a pressure of 1.13 atm. A static pressure measurement (from apressure tap on the sidewall of the test section) yields 0.1 atm. Calculatethe Mach number of the flow in the test section.arrow_forward
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Intro to Compressible Flows — Lesson 1; Author: Ansys Learning;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OgR6j8TzA5Y;License: Standard Youtube License