a.
Foreign exchange rate: The rate at which currency of one country is changed to currency of another country is called foreign exchange rate. Mainly there are two rate, i.e., direct exchange rate and indirect exchange rate.
Foreign exchange gain or loss: Foreign exchange gain or loss arises when there is selling or buying of any goods and services in foreign currency.
Forward contract: It is the contract between the purchase and the seller where they agreed to buy or sell an asset at a fixed price in the future on a specific date.
The recording of the
b.
Foreign exchange rate: The rate at which currency of one country is changed to currency of another country is called foreign exchange rate. Mainly there are two rate, i.e., direct exchange rate and indirect exchange rate.
Foreign exchange gain or loss: Foreign exchange gain or loss arises when there is selling or buying of any goods and services in foreign currency.
Forward contract: It is the contract between the purchase and the seller where they agreed to buy or sell an asset at a fixed price in the future on a specific date.
The effect on net income of A company if forward contract is made or if forward contract is not made.
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ADVANCED FIN. ACCT.(LL)-W/CONNECT
- Forward exchange contract designated as a fair value hedge of a foreign-currency-denominated accounts payable, strengthening $US On October 20, 2018, our company purchased from a company located in Slovenia 100,000 units of a product at a purchase price of €7.00 per unit. Our company is required to pay for the merchandise in Euros (€). The exchange rate on the date of purchase is $1.48:€1, and the due date for our payment is January 20, 2019. To mitigate the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the purchase date and the payment date, on October 20, 2018, our company enters into a forward contract with an exchange broker. The contract obligates our company to buy €700,000 on January 20, 2019, while we lock in the $US we will pay for the Euros on that date at the forward rate of $1.45:€1 (i.e., the forward rate on October 20, 2018, for settlement on January 20, 2019). Assume this derivative qualifies as a fair value hedge, and our company’s functional currency and reporting…arrow_forwarddo not give answer in imagearrow_forwardThe spot foreign exchange rate for the US dollar is 0.69056 Euros. Yourcompany agrees to pay a bank 63,694 Euros in 3 months in exchange for 100,000US dollars. This is a foreign currency forward contract. No cash is exchanged upfront. Give the underlying asset, the maturity date, and the forward rate (for theUS dollar). Compare to the spot forward rate. Concludearrow_forward
- Melton Company sold equipment to a Canadian company for 100,000 Canadian dollars (C$) on January 1, 20X9, with settlement to be in 60 days. On the same date, Melton entered into a 60-day forward contract to sell 100,000 Canadian dollars at a forward rate of 1 C$ = $0.94 in order to manage its exposed foreign currency receivable. The forward contract is not designated as a hedge. The spot rates were: January 1, 20X9 March 1, 20X9 1 C$=$0.945 1 C$=$0.930 Based on the preceding information, the entry to revalue foreign currency payable to current U.S. dollar value on March 1 will have: O a credit to Foreign Currency Transaction Gain for $1,000. O a credit to Foreign Currency Transaction Gain for $1,500. O a debit to Foreign Currency Transaction Loss for $1,500. O a debit to Foreign Currency Transaction Loss for $2,500.arrow_forwardMyway Company sold equipment to a Canadian company for 100,000 Canadian dollars (C$) on January 1, 20X9, with settlement to be in 60 days. On the same date, Alman entered into a 60-day forward contract to sell 100,000 Canadian dollars at a forward rate of 1 C$ = $.94 in order to manage its exposed foreign currency receivable. The forward contract is not designated as a hedge. The spot rates were: January 1 (1 C$ = $0945); March 1 (1C$ = $0.930). Based on the preceding information, the entry to revalue foreign currency payable to current U.S. dollar value on March 1 will have: A. a credit to Foreign Currency Transaction Gain for $1,500. B. a debit to Foreign Currency Transaction Loss for $2,500. C. a debit to Foreign Currency Transaction Loss for $1,500. D. a credit to Foreign Currency Transaction Gain for $1,000.arrow_forwardOn November 1, 2017, Bernard Company (a U.S.-based company) sold merchandise to a foreign customer for 180,000 FCUS with payment to be received on April 30, 2018. At the date of sale, Bernard entered into a six-month forward contract to sell 180,000 FCUS. The company properly designates the forward contract as a cash flow hedge of a foreign currency receivable. The following exchange rates apply: Forward Rate Spot Rate $0.29 Date (to April 30, 2018) $ 0.28 November 1, 2017 December 31, 2017 April 30, 2018 0.27 0.25 0.26 N/A Bernard's incremental borrowing rate is 12 percent. The present value factor for four months at an annual interest rate of 12 percent (1 percent per month) is 0.9610. a. Prepare all journal entries, including December 31 adjusting entries, to record the sale and forward contract. b. What is the impact on net income in 2017? C. What is the impact on net income in 2018? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Req A Req B and C Prepare all…arrow_forward
- 1. On September 1, 20X1, Cano & Company, a U.S. corporation, sold merchandise to a foreign firm for 250,000 euros. Terms of the sale require payment in euros on February 1, 20X2. On September 1, 20X1, the spot exchange rate was $1.30 per euro. At Cano’s year-end on December 31, 20X1, the spot rate was $1.28, but the rate increased to $1.33 by February 1, 20X2, when payment was received. Required: What foreign currency transaction gain or loss should be recorded in 20X1? What foreign currency transaction gain or loss should be recorded in 20X2? Amount Gain / Loss 1. Foreign currency transaction gain (loss) 20X1 2. Foreign currency transaction gain (loss) - 20X2arrow_forwardOn November 1, 2020, Americo, Corporation sold wine on credit to Venezia Company for €800,000. Payment is not due for 120 days. Thus, the transaction will be settled on February 28, 2021. On November 1, 2020, Americo, Corporation also entered a 120-day forward contract to sell €800,000. The forward contract is not designated as a hedge. The direct exchange rates were as follows: SPOT FORWARD 11/1/2020 $ 1.22 $ 12/31/2020 $ 1.18 $ 2/28/2021 $ 1.19 1.24 (120 days) 1.17 (60 days)arrow_forwardOn March 1, Derby Corporation (a U.S.-based company) expects to order merchandise from a supplier in Norway in three months. On March 1, when the spot rate is $0.09 per Norwegian krone, Derby enters into a forward contract to purchase 6 02,500 Norwegian kroner at a three-month forward rate of $0.10. Forward points are excluded in assessing the forward contract's effectiveness as a hedge, and are amortized to net income on a straight-line basis. At the end of three months, when the spot rate is $0.098 per Norwegian krone, Derby orders and receives the merchandise, paying 602,500 kroner. The merchandise is sold within 30 days. Required: a-1. Prepare all journal entries for Derby Corporation related to this transaction and hedge. a-2. What amount should Derby Corporation report in the current year's net income as cost of goods sold? b. What amount should Derby Corporation report in the current year's net income as foreign exchange gain or loss?arrow_forward
- Forward exchange contract designated as a fair value hedge of a foreign-currency-denominated firm commitment to sell inventory, weakening SUS Our U.S.-based company enters into a "firm commitment" with Malta-based retailer on November 10, 2018. The firm commitment requires our company to sell 70,000 units of an inventory item costing €9.00 each to the Maltese company. Our company is contractually committed to ship the inventory (i.e., title transfers) on February 10, 2019, with payment in Euros on the same date. Our company does recurring business with the Maltese company, and the firm commitment includes significant monetary penalties for nonperformance. Also assume, on November 10, 2018, our company enters into a contract with a foreign currency exchange broker to sell Euros (for settlement on February 10, 2019) to mitigate the risk of exchange rate fluctuation. Our company's functional currency is the U.S. dollar and our forward exchange contract qualifies as a fair value hedge. The…arrow_forwardOn November 1, 2021, Americo, Corporation purchased wine on credit from Venezia Company for €800,000. Payment is not due for 120 days. Thus, the transaction will be settled on February 28, 2022. On November 1, 2021, Americo, Corporation also entered a 120-day forward contract to purchase €800,000. The forward contract is not designated as a hedge. The direct exchange rates were as follows: SPOT FORWARD11/1/2021 $ 1.09 $ 1.06 (120 days) 12/31/2021 $ 1.05 $ 1.11 (60 days) 2/28/2022 $ 1.12 JOURNAL ENTRIES ON NOVEMBER 1, 2021 (TRANSACTION DATE): Foreign Currency Transaction YEAR-END OF DECEMBER 31, 2021: JOURNAL ENTRIES:Foreign Currency Transaction FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION INCOME STATEMENT JOURNAL ENTRIES ON FEBRUARY 28, 2022 (SETTLEMENT DATE):arrow_forwardOn November 1, 2020, Americo, Corporation purchased wine on credit from Venezia Company for €800,000. Payment is not due for 120 days. Thus, the transaction will be settled on February 28, 2021. On November 1, 2020, Americo, Corporation also entered a 120-day forward contract to purchase €800,000. The forward contract is not designated as a hedge. The direct exchange rates were as follows: SPOT FORWARD 11/1/2020 $ 1.22 $ 12/31/2020 2/28/2021 $ 1.19 1.24 (120 days) 1.17 (60 days) 1.18 $arrow_forward
- Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis...FinanceISBN:9781285190907Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark BradshawPublisher:Cengage Learning