Foundations in Microbiology
Foundations in Microbiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780073522609
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 10.L2, Problem 1CT

a. Give an example of a benefit of genetic engineering to society and a possible adverse outcome. Discuss.

b. Give an example of an ecological benefit and a possible adverse side effect. Discuss.

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Summary Introduction

To determine:

  1. An example of a benefit of genetic engineering to society and a possible adverse effect.
  2. An example of an ecological benefit and a possible adverse side effect.

Introduction:

Genetic engineering is the process of creating an organism with a modified genome, that either lacks or has extra genes. The organisms can be made to manifest desirable phenotypes. However, it is difficult to fully predict the results and impact of genetic engineering.

Explanation of Solution

The example of gene therapy illustrates both benefit to society and the adverse outcomes of genetic engineering. Gene therapy involves the use of genetically engineered vectors to insert a functional gene into a person who lacks it. The vectors most commonly used are adenoviruses. The therapy for lipoprotein lipase deficiency uses a genetically engineered adeno-based virus as the vector to insert a gene required for normal fat metabolism. This is the only approved gene therapy currently, and helps many people restore normal fat metabolism in their bodies. On the other hand, there was a case of gene therapy gone wrong when a mouse retrovirus-based vector for gene therapy caused leukemia in 5 children, due to the integrated of the vector DNA at a cancer-inducing site.

Genetically engineered plants and animals give us insight into the ecological benefit and harm that genetic engineering can lead to. EnviroPig was a project started with the aim of creating a pig that would digest excess phosphate in its feed and reduce phosphate pollution and leaching (which is a common problem in pig farms). On the other hand, we see the example of a genetically engineered form of canola, which has already passed on its herbicide-resistant genes to wild mustard, allowing it to grow into “superweeds” that cannot be controlled.

Conclusion

Gene therapy gives us an example of the benefit and the adverse effects of genetic engineering for society. The EnviroPig (reducing phosphate pollution) and herbicide resistant canola (causing superweeds) are examples of the ecological benefit and adverse effects of genetic engineering.

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Chapter 10 Solutions

Foundations in Microbiology

Ch. 10.1 - Briefly summarize the steps involved in DNA...Ch. 10.1 - Outline the steps in the PCR technique and...Ch. 10.1 - What are the functions of primer and Taq...Ch. 10.2 - Explain what is involved in recombinant DNA...Ch. 10.2 - Characterize the events in cloning, using an...Ch. 10.2 - List and discuss some protein products of...Ch. 10.2 - What characteristics of plasmids and...Ch. 10.2 - Name several types of vectors, and list the types...Ch. 10.2 - Describe the basic principles behind recombinant...Ch. 10.2 - Summarize the characteristics of bacteria and...Ch. 10.2 - Outline the main steps in cloning a gene,...Ch. 10.2 - What is one way to determine whether a bacterial...Ch. 10.2 - Characterize several products that have resulted...Ch. 10.3 - Define what is meant by the term transgenic or...Ch. 10.3 - Describe the uses of genetically modified bacteria...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 10.3 - Explain how DNA technology can be used to treat...Ch. 10.3 - Describe several uses of genetically modified...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 10.3 - Why must animals usually be modified in the embryo...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 10.3 - What are some ethical and biological...Ch. 10.4 - Outline the uses of gene therapy and gene editing...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 10.4 - Describe several applications of DNA profiling and...Ch. 10.4 - Describe what a DNA fingerprint is and why and how...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 24CYPCh. 10.4 - Explain the origins of mtDNA and its importance in...Ch. 10.4 - Explain the difference between a DNA profile and a...Ch. 10.L1 - Which gene is incorporated into plasmids to detect...Ch. 10.L1 - Which of the following is not essential to carry...Ch. 10.L1 - Which of the following is not a part of the Sanger...Ch. 10.L1 - The function of ligase is to a. rejoin segments of...Ch. 10.L1 - The pathogen of plant roots that is used as a...Ch. 10.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 10.L1 - Which DNA fragment will be closest to the top...Ch. 10.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 10.L1 - For which of the following would not require a...Ch. 10.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 10.L1 - What type of mutation caused Nicholas’s disease?...Ch. 10.L1 - Which type of cells were used to extract the DNA...Ch. 10.L1 - Lay out the genetics of Nicholas’s case,...Ch. 10.L1 - a. Why do bacteria make restriction endonucleases?...Ch. 10.L1 - a. Using nucleotide letters, show the kind of cut...Ch. 10.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 10.L1 - a. Explain what hybridization is and how it is...Ch. 10.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 10.L1 - Prob. 6WCCh. 10.L1 - Prob. 7WCCh. 10.L1 - Explain the kinds of study involved in genomics,...Ch. 10.L2 - a. Give an example of a benefit of genetic...Ch. 10.L2 - a. When gene probes, fingerprinting, and...Ch. 10.L2 - Which suspect is the likely perpetrator according...Ch. 10.L2 - a. Describe how a virus might be genetically...Ch. 10.L2 - You are on a jury to decide whether a person...Ch. 10.L2 - a. Explain how the fish and game department, using...Ch. 10.L2 - What are some of the major impediments to...Ch. 10.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 10.L2 - Describe the main differences between genome...Ch. 10.L2 - Below are two unrelated DNA paternity tests: one...Ch. 10.L2 - Figure 9.25d, shown here, shows the original...
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