
(a)
To find: Which satellite has the most circular orbit? Explain your reasoning.
(a)

Answer to Problem 53E
The GOES 4 has the most circular orbit
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Astronomy: The satellites orbiting Earth follow elliptical paths with the center of Earth as one focus. The table below lists data on five satellites that have orbited or currently orbit Earth.
Calculation:
The GOES 4 has the most circular orbit because its eccentricity is closest to 0.
(b)
To find: The greatest distance Sputnik I orbited from the surface of Earth to the nearest kilometer, if the radius of Earth is approximately 6357 kilometers. Soviet satellite Sputnik I was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.
(b)

Answer to Problem 53E
960 kilometers
Explanation of Solution
Given information: Astronomy: The satellites orbiting Earth follow elliptical paths with the center of Earth as one focus. The table below lists data on five satellites that have orbited or currently orbit Earth.
Calculation:
Given,
Semi-major axis
Eccentricity
Radius of Earth
Therefore,
Distance of foci from center
Distance of farthest vertex
Maximum distance from Earth surface
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