What factors determine how consumers spend their income?
Concept Introduction:
Many factors affect how consumers spend their income; the first of them we can say is that the propensity to consume.
Propensity to consume: The famous economist John Maynard Keynes introduced the propensity to consume, it is defined as the proportion of disposable income to the consumption or in another words how much of the income of people spend on consumption.
Disposable income: This is the income of the people after

Explanation of Solution
The first factor that determines the consumption spending is the propensity to consume; as the income of the people rises the propensity to consume will also rise. Generally rich people tend to have a high propensity to consume and poor people have a low propensity to consume. The second factor that affects the consumption spending is the real income of the people; real income of the people is after deducting the inflation. So people have a higher real income to spend more of their income and vice versa. The next factor is the interest rate in the economy, if the interest rate is low that means the people have to less on their mortgage payments, so this will raise the disposable income of the people, raise in the disposable income of the people means higher consumption from the people.
The next factor is the direct and indirect taxation in the economy, the rate of taxation directly affects the disposable income of the people. A high tax rate means low disposable income to the people so they will consume less. Another factor is the supply of credit in the economy, if there is a low supply of credit in the economy, this means people have a relatively low disposable income so they consume less, and if there is more supply of credit in the economy they will borrow more funds and they should have a higher disposable income to spend. The next factor is the demographics of the country if there is a large number of people in a country, this means the more
Want to see more full solutions like this?
- For environmental economics, question number 2 only please-- thank you!arrow_forwardFor these questions, you must state "true," "false," or "uncertain" and argue your case (roughly 3 to 5 sentences). When appropriate, the use of graphs will make for stronger answers. Credit will depend entirely on the quality of your explanation. 1. If the industry facing regulation for its pollutant emissions has a lot of political capital, direct regulatory intervention will be more viable than an emissions tax to address this market failure. cullog iba linevoz ve bubivorearrow_forwardExercise 3 The production function of a firm is described by the following equation Q=10,000-3L2 where L stands for the units of labour. a) Draw a graph for this equation. Use the quantity produced in the y-axis, and the units of labour in the x-axis. b) What is the maximum production level? c) How many units of labour are needed at that point? d) Provide one reference with you answer.arrow_forward
- Exercise 1 Consider the market supply curve which passes through the intercept and from which the market equilibrium data is known, this is, the price and quantity of equilibrium PE=50 and QE=2000. Considering those two points, find the equation of the supply. Draw a graph of this line. Provide one reference with your answer. Exercise 2 Considering the previous supply line, determine if the following demand function corresponds to the market demand equilibrium stated above. QD=3000-2p.arrow_forwardConsider the market supply curve which passes through the intercept and from which the marketequilibrium data is known, this is, the price and quantity of equilibrium PE=50 and QE=2000.a. Considering those two points, find the equation of the supply. b. Draw a graph of this line.arrow_forwardGovernment Purchases and Tax Revenues A B GDP T₂ Refer to the diagram. Discretionary fiscal policy designed to slow the economy is illustrated by Multiple Choice the shift of curve T₁ to T2. a movement from d to balong curve T₁.arrow_forward
- Section III: Empirical Findings: Descriptive Statistics and inferential statistics………………..40% Descriptive statistics provide details about the Y variable, based on the sample for the 10-year period. Here, you use Excell or manually compute Mean or the average income per capita. Interpret the meaning of average income per capita. Draw the line chart showing the educational performance over the time-period of your study. Label the Vertical axis as Y performance and X axis as the explanatory variable (X1) . Do the same thing between Y and X2 Empirical/ Inferential Statistics: Here, use the sample information to perform the following: Draw the Scatter plot and impose the trend line: showing the Y variable and explanatory variables ( X1). Draw the scatter plot and impose the tend line: Showing Y and X2. Does your evidence (data) support your theory? Refer to the trend line: Is the relationship positive or negative as expected? Based on the data sheet below: Years Y ( per…arrow_forwardSection III: Empirical Findings: Descriptive Statistics and inferential statistics………………..40% Descriptive statistics provide details about the Y variable, based on the sample for the 10-year period. Here, you use Excell or manually compute Mean or the average income per capita. Interpret the meaning of average income per capita. Draw the line chart showing the educational performance over the time-period of your study. Label the Vertical axis as Y performance and X axis as the explanatory variable (X1) . Do the same thing between Y and X2 Empirical/ Inferential Statistics: Here, use the sample information to perform the following: Draw the Scatter plot and impose the trend line: showing the Y variable and explanatory variables ( X1). Draw the scatter plot and impose the tend line: Showing Y and X2. Does your evidence (data) support your theory? Refer to the trend line: Is the relationship positive or negative as expected? Create graphs based on table below; Years Y ( per…arrow_forwardPlease help me with this Accounting questionarrow_forward
- Title: Does the educational performance depend on its literacy rate and government spending over the last 10 years? In the introduction, there are four things to include:a) Clearly state your research topic follows by country’s background in terms of (population density; male/female ratio; and identify the problem leading up to the study of it, such as government spending and adult literacy rate. How does the US perform compared to other countries.b) State the research question that you wish to resolve: Does the US economic performance depend on its government spending on education and the literacy rate over the last 10 years. Define performance (Y) as the average income per capita, an indicator of the country’s economy growing over time. For example, an increase in government spending leads to higher literacy rates and subsequently higher productivity in the economy. Also, mention that you will use a sample size of 10 years of secondary data from the existing literature,…arrow_forwardTitle: Does the educational performance depend on its literacy rate and government spending over the last 10 years? In the introduction, there are four things to include:a) Clearly state your research topic follows by country’s background in terms of (population density; male/female ratio; and identify the problem leading up to the study of it, such as government spending and adult literacy rate. How does the US perform compared to other countries.b) State the research question that you wish to resolve: Does the US economic performance depend on its government spending on education and the literacy rate over the last 10 years. Define performance (Y) as the average income per capita, an indicator of the country’s economy growing over time. For example, an increase in government spending leads to higher literacy rates and subsequently higher productivity in the economy. Also, mention that you will use a sample size of 10 years of secondary data from the existing literature,…arrow_forwardExplain how the introduction of egg replacers and plant-based egg products will impact the bakery industry. Provide a graphical representation.arrow_forward
- Principles of Economics (12th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134078779Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. OsterPublisher:PEARSONEngineering Economy (17th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134870069Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick KoellingPublisher:PEARSON
- Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics: A Problem Solving ApproachEconomicsISBN:9781337106665Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike ShorPublisher:Cengage LearningManagerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...EconomicsISBN:9781259290619Author:Michael Baye, Jeff PrincePublisher:McGraw-Hill Education





