Problem 1RCQ: What is the source of all waves? Problem 2RCQ: Distinguish between these parts of a wave: period, amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. Problem 3RCQ: How are frequency and period related to each other? Problem 4RCQ: In one word, what is it that moves from source to receiver in wave motion? Problem 5RCQ: Does the medium in which a wave travels move with the wave? Problem 6RCQ: What is the relationship among frequency, wavelength, and wave speed? Problem 7RCQ: In what direction are the vibrations in a transverse wave, relative to the direction of wave travel?... Problem 8RCQ: In what direction do compressed regions and rarefied regions of a longitudinal wave travel? Problem 9RCQ: Does sound travel faster in warm air or in cold air? Defend your answer. Problem 10RCQ: How does the speed of sound in water compare with the speed of sound in air? How does the speed of... Problem 11RCQ: What is the law of reflection for sound? Problem 12RCQ: What is a reverberation? Problem 13RCQ: Relate wave speed and bending to the phenomenon of refraction. Problem 14RCQ: Does sound tend to bend upward or downward when it travels faster near the ground than higher up? Problem 15RCQ: How do dolphins perceive their environment in dark and murky water? Problem 16RCQ: Why does a struck tuning fork sound louder when its handle is held against a table? Problem 17RCQ: Distinguish between forced vibrations and resonance. Problem 18RCQ: When you listen to a radio, why do you hear only one station instead of multiple stations at once? Problem 19RCQ: Why do troops break step when crossing a bridge? Problem 20RCQ: What kinds of waves exhibit interference? Problem 21RCQ: Distinguish between constructive interference and destructive interference. Problem 22RCQ: What does it mean to say that one wave is out of phase with another? Problem 23RCQ: What physical phenomenon underlies beats? Problem 24RCQ: What is a node? What is an antinode? Problem 25RCQ: In the Doppler effect, does frequency change? Does wavelength change? Does wave speed change? Problem 26RCQ: Can the Doppler effect be observed with longitudinal waves, with transverse waves, or with both? Problem 27RCQ: How do the speed of a wave source and the speed of the waves themselves compare when a wave barrier... Problem 28RCQ: How does the V shape of a bow wave depend on the speed of the wave source? Problem 29RCQ: True or false: A sonic boom occurs only when an aircraft is breaking through the sound barrier.... Problem 30RCQ: Distinguish between a musical sound and noise. Problem 40PAC: A pendulum swings to and fro every 3 seconds. Show that its frequency of swing is 1/3 Hz. Problem 41PAC: Another pendulum swings to and fro at a regular rate of 2 times per second. Show that its period is... Problem 42PAC: A wave 3 m long oscillates 1.5 times each, second. Show that the speed of the wave is 4.5 m/s. Problem 43PAC: Show that a certain wave with a 1.2-m wavelength and a frequency of 2.5 Hz has a wave speed of 3.0... Problem 44PAC: A tuning fork produces a sound with a frequency of 256 Hz and a wavelength in air of 1.33 m. Show... Problem 45TAS: A nurse approaches his patient and counts 72 heartbeats in 1 min. Show that the frequency and period... Problem 46TAS: A weight suspended from a spring is seen to bob up and down over a distance of 20 cm twice each... Problem 47TAS: We know that speed v = distance/time. Show that when the distance traveled is one wavelength and... Problem 48TAS: A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing his anchor chain every 5 s. He estimates the... Problem 49TAS: A mosquito flaps its wings at the rate of 600 vibrations per second, which produces the annoying... Problem 50TAS: The highest-frequency sound humans can hear is about 20,000 Hz. What is the wavelength of sound in... Problem 51TAS: Microwave ovens typically cook food using microwaves with frequency of about 3 GHz (1 gigahertz =... Problem 52TAS: For years, marine scientists were mystified by sound waves detected by underwater microphones in the... Problem 53TAS: An oceanic depth-sounding vessel surveys the ocean bottom with ultrasonic waves that travel 1530 m/s... Problem 54TAS: A bat flying in a cave emits a sound and receives its echo 0.1 s later. Show that the distance to... Problem 55TAS: Susie hammers on a block of wood 85 m from a large brick wall. Each time she hits the block, she... Problem 56TAS: Imagine an old hermit living in a cave in the mountains. Just before going to sleep, he yells WAKE... Problem 57TAS: On a piano keyboard, you strike middle C, of frequency 262 Hz. (a) Show that the period of one... Problem 58TAS: (a) Say you were foolish enough to play your keyboard instrument under water, where the speed of... Problem 59TAS: A beat frequency is equal to the difference between a pair of sound frequencies. What beat... Problem 60TAS: As shown in the drawing, the half-angle of the shock-wave|cone generated by a supersonic aircraft is... Problem 61TAR: All the waves shown have the same speed b: the same medium. Use a ruler and rank these waves, from... Problem 62TAR: Four different pairs of transverse wave pulses move toward each other. At some point in time, the... Problem 63TAR: Rank, from highest to lowest, the pitch heard when a fire engine is traveling: (a) toward the... Problem 64TAR: The following three shock waves are produced by supersonic aircraft. Rank their speeds from greatest... Problem 65TAR: Rank, from greatest to least, the speed of sound through: (a) air, (b) steel, (c) water. Problem 66TAR: Rank the beat frequencies, from highest to lowest, for the following pairs of sounds: (a) 132 Hz,... Problem 67TAR: Phil Physiker blows across the mouths of identical containers A, B, and C with different amounts of... Problem 68E: A student that youre tutoring says that the terms wave speed and wave frequency refer to the same... Problem 69E: You dip your finger at a steady rate into a puddle of water to make waves. What happens to the... Problem 70E: Red light has a longer wavelength than violet light. Which has the greater frequency? Problem 71E: When sound becomes louder, which wave characteristic is probably increasing: frequency, wavelength,... Problem 72E: What two physics mistakes occur in a science-fiction movie that shows, in outer space, a distant... Problem 73E: How does the frequency of vibration of a small object floating in water compare to the number of... Problem 74E: A friend says that wave speed is equal to the frequency of a wave times its wavelength, and another... Problem 75E: What kind of motion should you impart to the nozzle of a garden hose so that the resulting stream of... Problem 76E: What kind of motion should you impart to a stretched, coiled spring (or to a Slinky) to produce a... Problem 77E: A cat can hear sound frequencies up to 70,000 Hz. Bats send and receive ultra-high-frequency squeaks... Problem 78E: The sounds emitted by bats are extremely intense. Why cannot humans hear them? Problem 79E: Why do you not hear the sound of a distant fireworks display until after you see it? Problem 80E: If the Moon blew up, why would we not hear the sound? Problem 81E: Why would it be futile to attempt to detect sounds from other planets with the use of... Problem 82E: A pair of sound waves of different wavelengths reach the listeners ear as shown. Which has the... Problem 83E: In Olympic competition, the sound of the starters gun is picked up by a microphone and sent... Problem 84E: A friend says that sound travels faster in warm air than in cooler air. Do you agree or disagree? Problem 85E: Why does your voice sound fuller when you are singing in the shower? Problem 86E: A bat chirps as it flies toward a wall. Is the frequency of the echoed chirps it receives higher,... Problem 87E: A friend says that refraction of any kind of wave is due to a change in wave speed. Do you agree or... Problem 88E: Why are marchers following a hand at the end of a parade out of step with marchers near the front? Problem 89E: What is the danger posed by people in the balcony of an auditorium stamping their feet in a steady... Problem 90E: Why is the sound of a harp soft compared with the sound of a piano? Problem 91E: What physics principle does Manuel use when he pumps in rhythm with the natural frequency of the... Problem 92E: How can a certain note sung by a singer cause a crystal glass to shatter? Problem 93E: A nylon guitar string vibrates in a standing-wave pattern, as shown. What is the wavelength of the... Problem 94E: Two bunnies hop at slightly different rates but remain side by side. The first takes 50 hops per... Problem 95E: Suppose a piano tuner hears three beats per second when listening to the combined sound from his... Problem 96E: When the frequency of sound is doubled, what change occurs in its speed? What change occurs in its... Problem 97E: A railroad locomotive is at rest with its whistle shrieking, and then it starts moving toward you.... Problem 98E: When you blow your horn while driving toward a stationary listener, she hears an increase in pitch... Problem 99E: How does the Doppler effect aid police in detecting speeding motorists? Problem 100E: Astronomers find that light emitted by a particular element at one edge of the Sun has a slightly... Problem 101E: Would it be correct to say that the Doppler effect is the apparent change in the speed of a wave due... Problem 102E: A swimming cluck produces a bow wave attached to the duck. (a) Is the duck swimming faster than... Problem 103E: Does the conical angle of a shock wave become wider, narrower, or remain constant as a supersonic... Problem 104E: If the sound of an airplane does not originate in the part of the sky where the plane is seen, does... Problem 105E: Why is it that a subsonic aircraft, no matter how loud it may be, cannot produce a sonic boom? Problem 106E: Distinguish between noise and music in terms of the vibrations produced. Problem 107E: If the fundamental frequency of a guitar string is 220 Hz, what is the frequency of the second... Problem 108E: How many nodes, excluding end points, are in a standing wave that is three wavelengths long? In a... Problem 109E: Which of the two musical notes displayed individually on an oscilloscope screen has the higher... Problem 110E: What characteristic of sound distinguishes a piano from a guitar? Problem 111DQ: What does it mean to say that a radio station is at 101.1 on your FM dial? Problem 112DQ: At the instant that a high-pressure region is created just outside the prongs of a vibrating tuning... Problem 113DQ: If a bell is ringing inside a bell jar, we can no longer hear it when the air is pumped out, but we... Problem 114DQ: If the speed of sound depended on its frequency, why would you not enjoy a concert sitting far from... Problem 115DQ: Why is the Moon described as a silent planet? Problem 116DQ: Discuss why sound travels faster in moist air. Relate this to the fact that at the same temperature,... Problem 117DQ: Why is an echo weaker than the original sound? Discuss the role of distance. Problem 118DQ: One rule of thumb for estimating the distance in kilometers between an observer and a lightning... Problem 119DQ: If a single disturbance at an unknown distance away sends out both transverse and longitudinal waves... Problem 120DQ: As you pour water into a glass, you repeatedly tap the glass exterior with a spoon. As the tapped... Problem 121DQ: Physics instructor Peter Hopkinson delights in bringing physics into social situations. When dining... Problem 122DQ: What physics principle is used in radar guns to find the speeds of tennis balls and baseballs at... Problem 123DQ: A special device can transmit sound that is out of phase with the sound of a noisy jackhammer to the... Problem 124DQ: Two sound waves of the same frequency can interfere with each other, but two sound waves must have... Problem 125DQ: Discuss whether or not a sonic boom occurs at the moment when an aircraft exceeds the speed of... Problem 1RAT: When we consider the time it takes for a pendulum to swing to and fro, were talking about the... Problem 2RAT: The vibrations along a transverse wave move (a) parallel to the wave direction of motion. (b)... Problem 3RAT: A common example of a longitudinal wave is (a) sound. (b) light. (c) both of these (d) neither of... Problem 4RAT: The speed of sound varies with (a) amplitude. (b) frequency. (c) temperature. (d) all of these Problem 5RAT: The loudness of a sound is most closely related to its (a) frequency. (b) period. (c) wavelength.... Problem 6RAT: The explanation for the refraction of sound must involve a change in (a) frequency. (b) wavelength.... Problem 7RAT: Wave interference occurs in (a) transverse waves. (b) longitudinal waves. (c) both of these (d)... Problem 8RAT: Noise-canceling devices such as jackhammer earphones make use of sound (a) destruction. (b)... Problem 9RAT: When a 134-Hz tuning fork and a 144-Hz tuning fork are struck, the beat frequency is (a) 2 Hz. (b) 6... Problem 10RAT: A sonic boom cannot be produced by (a) an aircraft flying at less than the speed of sound. (b) a... format_list_bulleted