Economics (MindTap Course List)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337617383
Author: Roger A. Arnold
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 4WNG
(a)
To determine
According to Keynes, why the aggregate
(b)
To determine
Decrease in consumption is not matched by increase in investment.
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7. Deriving and exploring the total expenditures curve
The following graph shows total production (TP) and the level of Natural Real GDP (NRGDP) for a hypothetical economy. When Real GDP is $325
billion, consumption is $275 billion, government purchases are $50 billion, and investment is $25 billion. When Real GDP is $375 billion, consumption
is $300 billion, government purchases are $50 billion, and investment is $25 billion.
Use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot the economy's total expenditure function within a simplified Keynesian framework.
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TOTAL EXPENDITURE (Billions of dollars)
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TP
NRGDP
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REAL GDP (Billions of dollars)
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. In the “complete Keynesian model”, the investment functions was I = I0 - f(i). An analyst now proposes the following investment function: I = I0 - f(i) + qY, where “q” is a parameter and Y is national income = GDP. Provide two different arguments, i.e. explanations as to why this investment function makes sense. The focus is on the new term, qY (q times Y), in the function.
What happens in the simple Keynesian model if households expect lower income in the future and decide to save more today?
Adjust the graph and answer the question.
Assume that investment varies directly with aggregate income.
Aggregate expenditure (in billions of dollars)
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Economics (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1STCh. 10.1 - Prob. 2STCh. 10.1 - Prob. 3STCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1STCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2STCh. 10.2 - Prob. 3STCh. 10.3 - Prob. 1STCh. 10.3 - Prob. 2STCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3STCh. 10.4 - Prob. 1ST
Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 2STCh. 10 - Prob. 1QPCh. 10 - Prob. 2QPCh. 10 - Prob. 3QPCh. 10 - Prob. 4QPCh. 10 - Prob. 5QPCh. 10 - Prob. 6QPCh. 10 - Prob. 7QPCh. 10 - Prob. 8QPCh. 10 - Prob. 9QPCh. 10 - Prob. 10QPCh. 10 - Prob. 11QPCh. 10 - Prob. 12QPCh. 10 - Prob. 13QPCh. 10 - Prob. 14QPCh. 10 - Prob. 15QPCh. 10 - Prob. 16QPCh. 10 - Prob. 17QPCh. 10 - Prob. 18QPCh. 10 - Prob. 19QPCh. 10 - Prob. 20QPCh. 10 - Prob. 21QPCh. 10 - Prob. 22QPCh. 10 - Prob. 23QPCh. 10 - Prob. 24QPCh. 10 - Prob. 25QPCh. 10 - Prob. 1WNGCh. 10 - Prob. 2WNGCh. 10 - Prob. 3WNGCh. 10 - Prob. 4WNGCh. 10 - Prob. 5WNGCh. 10 - Prob. 6WNGCh. 10 - In the accompanying figure, explain what happens...Ch. 10 - Prob. 8WNG
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- According to Keynes, wealth or credit is a factor that affects consumption. An example of wealth is A,B,C,OR D one answer a an increase in expected future income. b a decline in interest rates. c an increase in economic output. d an increase in the value of stockarrow_forwardPlease write down whether the following statements are true or false, and explain your answer very briefly A)If actual investment is greater than planned investment, inventories increase more than planned. B)The marginal propensity to consume is the change in consumption expenditure divided by the percentage change in income. C)Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of all goods and services produced in an economy over a particular time period. D)Monetary policy refers to taxation and spending policies implemented by government. E)In a simple Keynesian model (with lump-sum taxes and a MPC of 0.8), a tax cut of 20 billion TL will have less of an impact on GDP than an increase in government spending of 10 billion TL. D)When you take 1000 TL from your savings account and deposit it in your checking account, M2 decreases. F)An open market purchase of government securities (such as Treasury Bills) by the Central Bank will decrease the money supply and raise the interest rate.…arrow_forwardIn the simple Keynesian model, if aggregate expenditure is less than GDP, output will a)decline as firms increase their prices to stop the buildup of inventories b)increase as firms increase production to try to stop depletion of inventories c)remain unchanged indefinitely unless government takes action d)increase as firms cut their prices to try to stop depletion of inventories e)decline as firms cut production to stop the buildup of inventoriesarrow_forward
- Q.1.7 In the Keynesian macroeconomic model, the equation for the savings function is given as: S = -420 + 1/4Y. Based on this information, which of the following statements is correct? (1) The marginal propensity to consume is 1/4; (2) The marginal propensity to save is -420;arrow_forwardExplainarrow_forwardThe consumption and saving functions in the Keynesian model Suppose we observe that a person's disposable income (DI) is 50,000 in 2019 and 63,000 in 2020. Suppose we observe that this person's consumption (C) is 47,000 in 2019 and 58,700 in 2020. Assume that this person's consumption obeys the Keynesian consumption function, so that C = A + MPC*DI. Finally, assume that A and MPC are unchanged between 2019 and 2020. (a) Calculate the values of A and MPC for this consumer, and graph the consumption function. (Hint: subtract the C function in 2019 from the C function of 2020). (b) In general, saving is given by the formula S = DI - C. Calculate this person's saving in 2019 and 2020. Assuming that this person's wealth (net worth) on January 1, 2019 was 80,000, what is their wealth on January 1, 2020? on January 1, 2021? (c) In general, if consumption is given by the function C = A + MPC*DI, then saving will obey the saving function S = -A + (1 - MPC)*DI. Plot the saving function…arrow_forward
- Identify the direction of the change during a recession in each of the following: consumption expenditures, investment expenditures, and unemployment.arrow_forwardAccording to Keynes(Keynesian Macroeconomics), can the private sector always remove the economy from a recessionary gap? What would be the solution from a Christian perspective regarding people who cannot afford medical care?arrow_forwardBased on the articles “Unemployment Claims Remain Historically High” and “US Consumer Spending Rose More Slowly in July” from the August 27, 2020 and August 28, 2020 issues of the wall Street Journal, respectively, please respond to the following questions: a. What do you think caused the substantial reversal in consumer spending after the dramatic drop during March and April of 2020? Illustrate graphically how would that have affected the consumption schedule. b. What seems to be possible reasons why consumer spending has slowed down in July and August? Are these factors consistent with some of the non-income determinants of consumption discussed in the text? If so, which ones? c. Investment spending also fell dramatically during the second quarter of 2020. What shifters in the investment demand curve seem to be important here? d. Given your answer to part c, explain and illustrate graphically using the investment demand curve diagram why a Federal Reserve policy of lower interest…arrow_forward
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