Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration of Scandium has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Aufbau’s principle:
Aufbau’s principle states that electrons are filled into atomic orbitals in the increasing order of orbital energy level. According to the Aufbau principle the available atomic orbitals with the lowest energy levels are occupied before those with higher energy levels.
Figure 1
(b)
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration of Rubidium has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration of Bromine has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration of Sulfur has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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FOUNDATIONS OF COLLEGE CHEM +KNEWTONALTA
- The extraction of aluminum metal from the aluminum hydroxide in bauxite ore by the Hall-Héroult process is one of the most remarkable success stories of late 19th century practical chemistry, turning aluminum from a rare and precious metal into the cheap commodity it is today. In the first step, aluminum hydroxide reacts to form alumina and water: 2 Al(OH)3(s) → Al2O3(s) + 3 H₂O(g) In the second step, alumina and carbon react to form aluminum and carbon dioxide: 2 Al₂O3(s) + 3 C(s)→4 Al(s) + 3 CO₂(g) Write the net chemical equation for the production of aluminum from aluminum hydroxide and carbon. Be sure your equation is balanced.arrow_forwardPart 1 A student carried out an investigation to observe the effect of changing concentration of sulfuric acid on the breakdown of calcium carbonate (marble) chips. They changed the concentration of the acid between each test but kept the size of the marble chips constant. The full equation for the reaction and a graph of the overall results can be seen below. CaCO3(s) + H₂SO4(aq) → CaSO4(aq) + CO2(g) + H₂O (1) a) b) Rate of Reaction * Concentration of Acid (mol dm³) Explain, using collision theory, why the student obtained these results, and state what they could conclude about the effect of changing concentration of acid on the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and sulfuric acid. If the student had ground up the calcium carbonate chips into a powder and run the tests again, what would you expect to happen to the rate of reaction? Briefly explain why by applying collision theory. Part 2 The student ran the same experiment, but this time changed the temperature, increasing it…arrow_forward||| ANAN Microsoft O V The extraction of aluminum metal from the aluminum hydroxide found in bauxite by the Hall-Héroult process is one of the most remarkable success stories of 19th century chemistry, turning aluminum from a rare and precious metal into the cheap commodity it is today. In the first step, aluminum hydroxide reacts to form alumina (Al₂O3) and water: 2Al(OH)3(s) → Al₂O3(s) + 3H₂O(g) W Microsoft CHEMICAL REACTIONS Reaction sequence stoichiometry Microsoft 6.52.210... esc In the second step, alumina (Al2O3) and carbon react to form aluminum and carbon dioxide: 2Al₂O3(s) + 3C(s) → 4Al(s) + 3 CO₂ (8) Suppose the yield of the first step is 91.% and the yield of the second step is 85.%. Calculate the mass of aluminum hydroxide required to make 6.0 kg of aluminum. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if needed, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Explanation Check 9,269 Q x10 HH 103 X OCT 24 ロ・ロ S OOO tv NONZA © 2022 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights…arrow_forward
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- Titanium occurs in the magnetic mineral ilmenite (FeTiO3), which is often found mixed up with sand. The ilmenite can be separated from the sand with magnets. The titanium can then be extracted from the ilmenite by the following set of reactions: FeTiO3(s)+3Cl₂ (g)+3C(s)→3CO(g)+FeCl₂ (s)+TiCl (9) TiCl4 (g)+2Mg(s)→2MgCl₂ (1)+Ti(s) Suppose that an ilmenite-sand mixture contains 24.6 % ilmenite by mass and that the first reaction is carried out with a 90.6% yield. Part A If the second reaction is carried out with an 86.3 % yield, what mass of titanium can be obtained from 1.10 kg of the ilmenite-sand mixture? Express your answer with the appropriate units. mTi = Submit O μÀ Value Request Answer Units www Review | Constants | Perio ?arrow_forwardThere are two steps in the usual industrial preparation of acrylic acid, the immediate precursor of several useful plastics. In the first step, calcium carbide and water react to form acetylene and calcium hydroxide: CaC₂(s) + 2 H₂O(g) → C₂H₂(g) + Ca(OH)₂(s) - In the second step, acetylene, carbon dioxide and water react to form acrylic acid: 6C₂H₂(g) + 3 CO₂(g) + 4H₂O(g) → 5 CH₂CHCO₂(g) ΔΗ = 132. kJ Calculate the net change in enthalpy for the formation of one mole of acrylic acid from calcium carbide, water and carbon dioxide from these reactions. Round your answer to the nearest kJ. KJ X Ś AH-414. kJarrow_forwardThe molecular weight of sperm whale myoglobin is 17.8 kDa.17.8 kDa. The myoglobin content of sperm whale muscle is about 80 g · kg−1.80 g · kg−1. In contrast, the myoglobin content of some human muscles is about 8 g · kg−1.8 g · kg−1. Compare the amounts of O2O2 bound to myoglobin in human muscle and in sperm whale muscle. Assume that the myoglobin is saturated with O2,O2, and that the molecular weights of human and sperm whale myoglobin are the same. How much O2O2 is bound to myoglobin in human muscle? How much O2O2 is bound to myoglobin in whale muscle? The amount of oxygen dissolved in tissue water at 37°C37°C is about 3.5×10−5 M.3.5×10−5 M. What is the ratio of myoglobin‑bound oxygen to dissolved oxygen in the tissue water of sperm whale muscle?arrow_forward
- The extraction of aluminum metal from the aluminum hydroxide in bauxite ore by the Hall-Héroult process is one of the most remarkable success stories of late 19th century practical chemistry, turning aluminum from a rare and precious metal into the cheap commodity it is today. In the first step, aluminum hydroxide reacts to form alumina and water: 2 Al(OH)3(s)-Al₂O3(s)+3 H₂O(g) In the second step, alumina and carbon react to form aluminum and carbon dioxide: 2 Al₂O3(s)+3 C(s)-4 Al(s) + 3 CO₂(g) do Write the net chemical equation for the production of aluminum from aluminum hydroxide and carbon. Be sure your equation is balanced. X Ś ?arrow_forwardThe extraction of aluminum metal from the aluminum hydroxide in bauxite ore by the Hall-Héroult process is one of the most remarkable success stories of late 19th century practical chemistry, turning aluminum from a rare and precious metal into the cheap commodity it is today. In the first step, aluminum hydroxide reacts to form alumina and water: 2 Al(OH)3(s)-Al₂O3(s) + 3 H₂O(g) In the second step, alumina and carbon react to form aluminum and carbon dioxide: 2 Al₂O3(s)+3 C(s)-4 Al(s) + 3 CO₂(g) Write the net chemical equation for the production of aluminum from aluminum hydroxide and carbon. Be sure your equation is balanced. Explanation Check 80 E5 ローロ X On F6 S MacBook Air F7 DII FB FO A Ⓒ2023 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Access F10 A F11 ola Ar 00arrow_forwardWhen in danger, bombardier beetles can fire a hot, toxic mixture of chemicals at the attacker. This mixture contains quinone, CoH.O2, a compound that is formed by the reaction of hydroquinone, CoH4(OH)2, with hydrogen peroxide, H202. The reaction is catalysed by an enzyme called catalase. The equation for the overall reaction is: CoHa(OH)2(aq) + Hz2Oz(aq) → COH4O2(aq) + 2H20(1) Use the following data to calculate the enthalpy change, in kJ mol, for the above reaction. CoH«(OH)2(aq) CoH4Oz(aq) + H2(g) AH = +177.4kJ mol H2(g) + Oz(g) H2O2(aq) AH = -191,2kJ mol1 Ha(g) + 놀O2(g) H20(g) AH = -241.8kJ mol H20(g) H2O(1) AH = -43.8kJ mol1 %3Darrow_forward
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