The reason for the fact that peroxides are especially effective as radical initiators is to be explained. Also, the mechanism for the reaction representing how it could be initiated by di-tert-butyl peroxide is to be written. Concept Introduction: Peroxides are the class of compounds in which two oxygen atoms are joined together by a single covalent bond. In the free radical mechanism of the peroxide, the free radicals produced by an oxygen-oxygen bond initiate the chain. Then, a hydrogen atom is extracted by these free radicals to produce an alkyl radical which attacks bromine molecule.

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Answer 1

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 10, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the fact that peroxides are especially effective as radical initiators is to be explained. Also, the mechanism for the reaction representing how it could be initiated by di-tert-butyl peroxide is to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Peroxides are the class of compounds in which two oxygen atoms are joined together by a single covalent bond.

In the free radical mechanism of the peroxide, the free radicals produced by an oxygen-oxygen bond initiate the chain.

Then, a hydrogen atom is extracted by these free radicals to produce an alkyl radical which attacks bromine molecule.

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Answer 2

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 10, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the fact that peroxides are especially effective as radical initiators is to be explained. Also, the mechanism for the reaction representing how it could be initiated by di-tert-butyl peroxide is to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Peroxides are the class of compounds in which two oxygen atoms are joined together by a single covalent bond.

In the free radical mechanism of the peroxide, the free radicals produced by an oxygen-oxygen bond initiate the chain.

Then, a hydrogen atom is extracted by these free radicals to produce an alkyl radical which attacks bromine molecule.

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Answer 3

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 10, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the fact that peroxides are especially effective as radical initiators is to be explained. Also, the mechanism for the reaction representing how it could be initiated by di-tert-butyl peroxide is to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Peroxides are the class of compounds in which two oxygen atoms are joined together by a single covalent bond.

In the free radical mechanism of the peroxide, the free radicals produced by an oxygen-oxygen bond initiate the chain.

Then, a hydrogen atom is extracted by these free radicals to produce an alkyl radical which attacks bromine molecule.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Formula Formula Bond dissociation energy (BDE) is the energy required to break a bond, making it an endothermic process. BDE is calculated for a particular bond and therefore consists of fragments such as radicals since it undergoes homolytic bond cleavage. For the homolysis of a X-Y molecule, the energy of bond dissociation is calculated as the difference in the total enthalpy of formation for the reactants and products. X-Y → X + Y BDE = Δ H f X + Δ H f Y – Δ H f X-Y where, ΔHf is the heat of formation.

Chapter 10, Problem 24P

Interpretation Introduction