Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 18CTQ
When OPEC raised the
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When OPEC raised the price of oil dramatically in the mid-1970s, experts said it was unlikely that the cartel could stay together over the long term—that the incentives for individual members to cheat would become too strong. More than forty years later, OPEC still exists. Why do you think OPEC has been able to beat the odds and continue to collude? Hint: You may wish to consider non-economic reasons. Hint: You may wish to consider non-economic reasons.
What problems usually make cartels collapse? How was OPEC able to avoid this fate, at least through the mid-1980s?
Explain why OPEC has been one of the most successful cartels in recent decades. Whatfactors have limited this success?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 10 - Suppose that, due to a successful advertising...Ch. 10 - Continuing with the scenario in question 1, in the...Ch. 10 - Consider the curve in the figure below, which...Ch. 10 - Sometimes oligopolies in the same industry are...Ch. 10 - What is the relationship between product...Ch. 10 - How is the perceived demand curve for a...Ch. 10 - How does a monopolistic competitor choose its...Ch. 10 - How can a monopolistic competitor tell whether the...Ch. 10 - If the firms in a monopolistically competitive...Ch. 10 - Is a monopolistically competitive firm...
Ch. 10 - Will the firms in an oligopoly act more like a...Ch. 10 - Does each individual in a prisoners dilemma...Ch. 10 - What stops oligopolists from acting together as a...Ch. 10 - Aside from advertising, how can monopolistically...Ch. 10 - Make a case for why monopolistically competitive...Ch. 10 - Would you rather have efficiency or variety? That...Ch. 10 - Would you expect the kinked demand curve to be...Ch. 10 - When OPEC raised the price of oil dramatically in...Ch. 10 - Andreas Day Spa began to offer a relaxing...Ch. 10 - May and Raj me the only two growers who provide...Ch. 10 - Jane and Bill are apprehended for a bank robbery....
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Similar questions
- Yearrow_forwardThe graph below shows the demand for Cosmic shampoo. ◻ Suppose there are no fixed costs and marginal cost is a constant $30. a. What are the perfectly competitive price and output? Price: $ Output: b. What are the cartel (monopoly) price and output? Price: $ Output: c. If there are only four firms in the cartel, what are the price and output of each firm, assuming equal shares? Round your answers to 1 decimal place. Price: $ Output: Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardWhat are some examples of cartels that failed over the years.arrow_forward
- A film called The 33 tells the story of 33 coal miners in Chile who were trapped inside a collapsed coal mine for more than two months. While trapped inside the mine, the miners agreed that if they ever got out alive, they would sell their story as a group, and that none of them would tell their stories individually. In essence, they formed a cartel, agreeing to sell just one big story for a lot of money rather than each miner selling his own individual story. As it turned out, they did get out alive and they did stick to their agreement. None of the miners sold his story individually. That is, the “cartel” formed by these trapped coal miners worked; nobody cheated. Explain why this cartel, unlike almost all others, was successful. This is not a research question; you don’t have to have the factually correct answer to earn full credit on this question. Rather, a full-credit answer will explain the conditions under which a cartel will be successful and then indicate the specifics of…arrow_forwardDiscuss the possible deviations from perfect competition and then focus on oligopolies. How can cartels coordinate to affect markets? What affects antitrust enforcers’ ability to detect cartels? Discuss with reference to one or more examples.arrow_forwardDescribe the source of tension between cooperation and self interest in a market characterised by oligopoly. Use an example to show why this tension causes instability in cartels in a few sentencesarrow_forward
- Explain in detail how does a cartel operate.arrow_forwardThe graph below shows the demand for Cosmic shampoo. Suppose there are no fixed costs and marginal cost is a constant $80.a. What are the perfectly competitive price and output? Price: $ Output: b. What are the cartel (monopoly) price and output? Price: $ Output: c. If there are only four firms in the cartel, what are the price and output of each firm, assuming equal shares? Round your answers to 1 decimal place. Price: $ Output:arrow_forward4. Imagine a market with demand P = 420 – Q in each period. Two firms are thinking about colluding. They each have cost C(Qi) = 60Qi. If they cooperate and behave as a monopoly, then they have a marginal revenue curve, MRm = 420 – 2Q, and a marginal cost curve, MCm = 60. If they are in a cartel, then the firms will split the monopoly production and profits. If they compete, then they face MRi = 420 – 2Qi – Q-I and MCi = 60. d)Suppose the firms assume that their interaction will last forever (r = 1) and they share the common discount value R. What is the lowest value of R such that both firms are willing to continue with the cartel agreement described above?arrow_forward
- 4. Imagine a market with demand P = 420 – Q in each period. Two firms are thinking about colluding. They each have cost C(Qi) = 60Qi. If they cooperate and behave as a monopoly, then they have a marginal revenue curve, MRm = 420 – 2Q, and a marginal cost curve, MCm = 60. If they are in a cartel, then the firms will split the monopoly production and profits. If they compete, then they face MRi = 420 – 2Qi – Q-I and MCi = 60. a. If the firms stick to their agreement (cooperate), how much per-period profit do they each make? b. If they are not able to maintain their agreement (compete), what is their per-period profit? c. If one firm cheats on their agreement (deviate), how much does each firm make? Be sure to specify both the profit for the cheater and the firm cheated-on. d. Suppose the firms assume that their interaction will last forever (r = 1) and they share the common discount value R. What is the lowest value of R such that both firms are willing to continue with the cartel…arrow_forwardQUESTION 3 Smalltown has 140 residents and two mobile phone providers: Verizon and AT&T Each firm's costs: FC = $0, MC = $10. Assume the two firms collude, how much profit does each make if they share it equally? P Q TR TC Profit 45 50 40 60 35 70 30 80 25 90 20 100 15 110 10 120 5 130 0 140 O Q = 30, P = $40, profits = $900 Q = 40, P = $30, profits = $800 Q = 60, P = $10, profits = $0 Q =25, P = $45, profits = $875arrow_forwardIf South Africa increased its production by 1,000 diamonds while Russia stuck to the cartel agreement, South Africa's profit would $ to Why are cartel agreements often not successful? Different firms experience different costs. One party has an incentive to cheat to make more profit. All parties would make more money if everyone increased production.arrow_forward
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