States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Energy Constants for H2O
334 J/g = Heat of Fusion (Hf)
2260 J/g = Heat of Vaporization (Hv)
2.11 J/goC = Specific Heat Capacity of solid water
4.18 J/goC = Specific Heat Capacity of liquid water
2.00 =J/goC = Specific Heat Capacity of water vapor
4. Calculate the amount of energy that is released when 400 grams of water vapor cools from 115oC to 100oC, and condenses into water at 100oC.
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