Chapter 10, Problem 10.91SP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

• The vibrations that are responsible for ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}$ to behave as a greenhouse gas have to be identified.
• The greenhouse gases among the given molecules have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The polar molecules possess a permanent dipole moment due the charge separation in it. There is no charge separation in the non-polar molecules. So, non-polar molecules do not possess dipole moment in them.

The term dipole moment refers to the quantitative measure of polarity of a bond. It is represented as $\text{μ}$.  It can be defined as the product of the charge $\text{Q}$ and the distance r between the charges. So, its mathematical representation is $\text{μ}\text{=}\text{Q}\times \text{r}$.  The dipole moment will be created by the charge separation in a polar molecule.

For example:

The diatomic molecule $\text{HCl}$ possess dipole moment due to the charge separation in it as shown here:

The crossed arrow represents the direction of the shift of electrons towards the highly electronegative chlorine atom form the least electronegative hydrogen atom.