
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
If the species is neutral compound whether the black sphere in the given molecular shape can represent selenium or not is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The molecular shape is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in the molecule. It depends on the bond pairs as well as lone pairs.
The molecular geometry table is as follows:
Steric number or Number electron groups | Number of lone pairs | Molecular geometry |
2 |
0 |
Linear |
3 | 0 | Trigonal planar |
1 | Bent | |
4 | 0 | Tetrahedral |
1 | Trigonal pyramidal | |
2 | Bent | |
5 | 0 | Trigonal bipyramidal |
1 | Sea-saw | |
2 | T-shaped | |
3 | Linear | |
6 | 0 | Octahedral |
1 | Square pyramidal | |
2 |
Square planar |
(b)
Interpretation:
If the species is anion whether the black sphere in the given molecular shape can represent nitrogen or not is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
When a neutral atom gains electrons, it acquires a negative charge on it due to the presence of excess electrons as compared to the protons. This results in the formation of the anion. When a neutral atom loses electrons, it acquires a positive charge on it due to the presence of excess protons as compared to the electrons. This results in the formation of the cation.
(c)
Interpretation:
The charge on the species is to be determined if the black sphere represents a bromine atom.
Concept introduction:
The molecular shape is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in the molecule. It depends on the bond pairs as well as lone pairs.
The molecular geometry table is as follows:
Steric number or Number electron groups | Number of lone pairs | Molecular geometry |
2 |
0 |
Linear |
3 | 0 | Trigonal planar |
1 | Bent | |
4 | 0 | Tetrahedral |
1 | Trigonal pyramidal | |
2 | Bent | |
5 | 0 | Trigonal bipyramidal |
1 | Sea-saw | |
2 | T-shaped | |
3 | Linear | |
6 | 0 | Octahedral |
1 | Square pyramidal | |
2 |
Square planar |

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Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
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