The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene. When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR 3 . An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.64P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The complete mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions is to be drawn, and the major product is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Hofmann elimination is an E2 elimination of an amine group along with a β hydrogen to produce an alkene. Unlike most elimination reactions that preferentially form the most substituted alkenes, Hofmann elimination preferentially forms the least substituted alkene.

When two different types of β hydrogens are present, the one from the less substituted carbon is removed preferentially. The leaving group in Hofmann elimination is a bulky tertiary amine group NR3. An E2 reaction is a single-step concerted reaction. It requires that the two groups that are eliminated must be anti to each other. The most stable conformer has the β hydrogen in anti position on the less substituted carbon. This gives a least substituted alkene as the major product.

Answer 8

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Answer 11

Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Solution Summary: The author describes the mechanism that leads to the three alkenes produced by N-ethylhexan-3-amine under Hofmann elimination conditions.

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Chapter 10 Solutions