Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The molecule that has greater dipole moment among
Concept introduction:
The dipole moment arises when there is a separation of charges between two ions or atoms involved in the bond. The dipole moment is a vector quantity and its direction towards the most electronegative atom.
The direction of the dipole moment is represented as follows:
The polar and non-polar molecule can be identified on the basis of the net dipole moment. Polar molecules have non zero value of net dipole moment and the non polar molecules have zero net dipole moment.
(b)
Interpretation:
The molecule that has greater dipole moment among
Concept introduction:
Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract the shared electrons in the bond towards itself. The more electronegative atom will more attract the bonding electrons towards itself than the less electronegative atom. Therefore the electrons will spend more time with the more electronegative atom than an electropositive atom. The electronegative atom will acquire the partial negative charge and the electropositive atom will acquire a partial positive charge.
Here, B is the electronegative atom and A is the electropositive atom.
Bond polarity can be estimated by
Here, B is the electronegative atom and A is the electropositive atom.
The greater electronegativity difference between the atoms induces the greater polarity in the bond thus it generates higher dipole moment.
(c)
Interpretation:
The molecule that has greater dipole moment among
Concept introduction:
The dipole moment arises when there is a separation of charges between two ions or atoms involved in the bond. The dipole moment is a vector quantity and its direction towards the most electronegative atom.
The direction of the dipole moment is represented as follows:
The polar and non-polar molecule can be identified on the basis of the net dipole moment. Polar molecules have non zero value of net dipole moment and the non polar molecules have zero net dipole moment.
(d)
Interpretation:
The molecule that has greater dipole moment among
Concept introduction:
Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract the shared electrons in the bond towards itself. The more electronegative atom will more attract the bonding electrons towards itself than the less electronegative atom. Therefore the electrons will spend more time with the more electronegative atom than an electropositive atom. The electronegative atom will acquire the partial negative charge and the electropositive atom will acquire a partial positive charge.
Here, B is the electronegative atom and A is the electropositive atom.
Bond polarity can be estimated by
Here, B is the electronegative atom and A is the electropositive atom.
The greater electronegativity difference between the atoms induces the greater polarity in the bond thus it generates higher dipole moment.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
CHEMISTRY: THE MOLECULAR NATURE OF MATTE
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- Please solvearrow_forwardRank the compounds in each group below according to their reactivity toward electrophilic aromatic substitution (most reactive = 1; least reactive = 3). Place the number corresponding to the compounds' relative reactivity in the blank below the compound. a. CH₂F CH3 F b. At what position, and on what ring, is bromination of phenyl benzoate expected to occur? Explain your answer. :0: C-O phenyl benzoate 6.Consider the reaction below to answer the following questions. A B C NO₂ FeBr3 + Br₂ D a. The nucleophile in the reaction is: BODADES b. The Lewis acid catalyst in the reaction is: C. This reaction proceeds d. Draw the structure of product D. (faster or slower) than benzene.arrow_forwardPart 2. A solution of 6.00g of substance B in 100.0mL of aqueous solution is in equilibrium, at room temperature, wl a solution of B in diethyl ether (ethoxyethane) containing 25.0 g of B in 50.0 mL 9) what is the distribution coefficient of substance B b) what is the mass of B extracted by shaking 200 ml of an aqueous solution containing 10g of B with call at room temp): i) 100 mL of diethyl ether ii) 50ml of diethyl ether twice iii) 25ml of diethyl ether four timesarrow_forward
- - Rank the following groups of compounds from most acidic (1) to least acidic (4). Place the number corresponding to the compound's relative rank in the blank below the structure. a. NO₂ NO₂ CH2CH2CH2CH2OH CH3 CH3CH2CHOH CH3CH2CH2CH2OH NO₂ CH3CHCH2CH2OH b. OH OH CH₂OH CO₂H HC CN CN CNarrow_forwardGive the major organic product(s) of the following reactions or sequences of reactions. Show all relevant stereochemistry a. H MgBr 1. ether 2. H₂O* 4 COH b. 1. LIAIH, ether 2. H₂O Choose the best reagent(s) for carrying out the following conversions from the list provided below. Place the letter of the best choice in the blank to the left of the conversion. Reagents may be used more than once. a. 1. CH3MgBr, ether 2. H3O+ NaOH b. 1. PBr3 2. C. 2. 1. (CH3)3SiCl, (CH3CH2)3N CH3MgBr, ether 3. H₂O*+ 2. H3O+ e. 1. p-TosCl, pyridine f. نها g. 2. NaOH CrO3, H₂SO4, H₂O 1. NaBH4, ethanol 2. H30* h. PCC, CH2Cl2 Ovoldo-6 a. b. OH OH H OH O any organicarrow_forwardDetermine the rate law for sodium thiosulfate from the following data: [Na2S2O3] Time (s) 0.0318 230. 0.0636 57.5arrow_forward
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