Chapter 10, Problem 10.47SP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

In a chloroform-filled open end manometer instead of mercury, the level in the arm connected to the gas sample has a pressure of 0.788 atm and the other arm open to the atmosphere has the atmospheric pressure reading of 0.849 atm. Calculate the height difference between the level of chloroform in both arms and which arm has a high level of chloroform.

Concept introduction:

Pressure is force per unit area.

  $\begin{array}{c}P=\frac{F}{A}=\frac{N}{m^2}\\ =\frac{m\cdot a}{m^2}=\frac{kg\cdot \frac{m}{s^2}}{m^2}=\frac{kg}{m\cdot s^2}\end{array}$

Its unit is Newton per meter square or can say kilogram per meter per Second Square. These two are not the only units of pressure. The International system of unit (S.I unit) of pressure is Pascal, but these are not the only units of pressure. There are more units of pressure like pounds per square inch, atmospheric (atm), mm Hg, torr etc.

Pressure is measured in the U-tube as shown below: The pressure is measured by filling water into this tube so that the difference between the lengths of two sides of the U-tube gives an idea about the pressure. In this tube, one end is kept at the room atmospheric pressure and the other side to that whose pressure has to be measured. This is the reason for using different units of pressure because the length can be measured in different units. In case of water, there would be a requirement of a large U-tube; hence mercury is used instead of water because its density is more than that of water. So, another unit of pressure was invented that is mmHg.

To determine:

The height difference between the two arms of the manometer