Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.