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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure for
Concept introduction:
Steps to draw the Lewis structure of the molecule are as follows:
Step 1: Find the central atom and place the other atoms around it. The atom in a compound which has the lowest group number or lowest electronegativity considered as the central atom.
Step 2: Calculate the total number of valence electrons.
Step 3: Connect the other atoms around the central atoms to the central atom with a single bond and lower the value of valence electrons by 2 of every single bond.
Step 4: Allocate the remaining electrons in pairs so that each atom can get 8 electrons.
The octet rule is defined that every element shares an octet (8 electrons) in their outermost electron shell to form compounds. In other words, the element that obeys the octet rule must have surrounded by eight electrons. If an atom has less than eight electrons, it is said to be electron deficient and if an atom has more than eight electrons around it, it is said to be the atom has an expanded octet.
There are three important exceptions of the octet rule:
1. A molecule with electron-deficient atoms.
2. A molecule with the odd-electron atoms.
3. An atom with expanded valence shells.
(b)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure for
Concept introduction:
Steps to draw the Lewis structure of the molecule are as follows:
Step 1: Find the central atom and place the other atoms around it. The atom in a compound which has the lowest group number or lowest electronegativity considered as the central atom.
Step 2: Calculate the total number of valence electrons.
Step 3: Connect the other atoms around the central atoms to the central atom with a single bond and lower the value of valence electrons by 2 of every single bond.
Step 4: Allocate the remaining electrons in pairs so that each atom can get 8 electrons.
The octet rule is defined that every element shares an octet (8 electrons) in their outermost electron shell to form compounds. In other words, the element that obeys the octet rule must have surrounded by eight electrons. If an atom has less than eight electrons, it is said to be electron deficient and if an atom has more than eight electrons around it, it is said to be the atom has an expanded octet.
There are three important exceptions of the octet rule:
1. A molecule with electron-deficient atoms.
2. A molecule with the odd-electron atoms.
3. An atom with expanded valence shells.
(c)
Interpretation:
Lewis structure for
Concept introduction:
Steps to draw the Lewis structure of the molecule are as follows:
Step 1: Find the central atom and place the other atoms around it. The atom in a compound which has the lowest group number or lowest electronegativity considered as the central atom.
Step 2: Calculate the total number of valence electrons.
Step 3: Connect the other atoms around the central atoms to the central atom with a single bond and lower the value of valence electrons by 2 of every single bond.
Step 4: Allocate the remaining electrons in pairs so that each atom can get 8 electrons.
The octet rule is defined that every element shares an octet (8 electrons) in their outermost electron shell to form compounds. In other words, the element that obeys the octet rule must have surrounded by eight electrons. If an atom has less than eight electrons, it is said to be electron deficient and if an atom has more than eight electrons around it, it is said to be the atom has an expanded octet.
There are three important exceptions of the octet rule:
1. A molecule with electron-deficient atoms.
2. A molecule with the odd-electron atoms.
3. An atom with expanded valence shells.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual For Silberberg Chemistry: The Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change With Advanced Topics
- A pdf file of your hand drawn, stepwise mechanisms for the reactions. For each reaction in the assignment, you must write each mechanism three times (there are 10 reactions, so 30 mechanisms). (A) do the work on a tablet and save as a pdf., it is expected to write each mechanism out and NOT copy and paste the mechanism after writing it just once. Everything should be drawn out stepwise and every bond that is formed and broken in the process of the reaction, and is expected to see all relevant lone pair electrons and curved arrows.arrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- Draw the structure of the product of the reaction given the IR and MS data. Spectral analysis of the product reveals: MS: M 150, M-15, M-43 CH.COCI AICI, IR: 3150-3000 cm, 2950-2850 cm and 1700 cmarrow_forwardPart II. Identify whether the two protons in blue are homotopic, enantiopic, diasteriotopic, or heterotopic. a) HO b) Bri H HH c) d) H H H Br 0arrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- Choose the option that is decreasing from biggest to smallest. Group of answer choices: 100 m, 10000 mm, 100 cm, 100000 um, 10000000 nm 10000000 nm, 100000 um, 100 cm, 10000 mm, 100 m 10000000 nm, 100000 um, 10000 mm, 100 cm, 100 m 100 m, 100 cm, 10000 mm, 100000 um, 10000000 nmarrow_forwardQ1. (a) Draw equations for homolytic and heterolytic cleavages of the N-H bond in NH3. Use curved arrows to show the electron movement. (b) Draw equations for homolytic and heterolytic cleavages of the N-H bond in NH4*. Use curved arrows to show the electron movement.arrow_forwardWhich is NOT the typical size of a bacteria? 1000 nm 0.001 mm 0.01 mm 1 umarrow_forward
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